C++中发送HTTP请求的实现方式

cat /etc/os-release

dpkg -l | grep libcurl

rpm -qa | grep libcurl

yum list installed | grep libcurl

apt-get install libcurl

sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev

sudo yum install libcurl-devel

brew install curl

#include <iostream>
#include <curl/curl.h>
 
int main() 
{
    // 初始化Curl库
    curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
 
    // 创建Curl句柄
    CURL* curl = curl_easy_init();
    if (!curl) {
        std::cerr << "Failed to initialize Curl." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
 
    // 设置请求的URL
    const char* url = "https://www.test.com";
 
    // 设置Curl句柄的URL选项
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
 
    // 发送GET请求
    CURLcode res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
    if (res != CURLE_OK) {
        std::cerr << "Failed to send HTTP request: " << curl_easy_strerror(res) << std::endl;
        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
        curl_global_cleanup();
        return 1;
    }
 
    // 清理Curl句柄和Curl库
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
    curl_global_cleanup();
 
    return 0;
}

g++ curl.cpp -lcurl -o example

#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
#include <boost/beast/http.hpp>
#include <boost/beast/version.hpp>
#include <iostream>
 
namespace http = boost::beast::http;
 
int main() {
    // 创建Boost.Beast I/O上下文
    boost::asio::io_context ioc;
 
    // 创建TCP解析器
    boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver resolver(ioc);
 
    // 解析主机名和端口
    boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver::results_type endpoints =
        resolver.resolve("www.test.com", "https");
 
    // 创建SSL上下文
    boost::asio::ssl::context ctx(boost::asio::ssl::context::sslv23);
 
    // SSL连接
    boost::beast::ssl_stream<boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket> stream(ioc, ctx);
 
    // 连接到服务器
    boost::asio::connect(stream.next_layer(), endpoints.begin(), endpoints.end());
 
    // SSL握手
    stream.handshake(boost::asio::ssl::stream_base::client);
 
    // 创建HTTP请求
    http::request<http::string_body> req(http::verb::get, "/Login", 11);
    req.set(http::field::host, "www.test.com");
    req.set(http::field::user_agent, BOOST_BEAST_VERSION_STRING);
 
    // 发送HTTP请求
    http::write(stream, req);
 
    // 接收HTTP响应
    boost::beast::flat_buffer buffer;
    http::response<http::dynamic_body> res;
    http::read(stream, buffer, res);
 
    // 打印响应状态码和响应体
    std::cout << "Response code: " << res.result_int() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Response body: " << boost::beast::buffers_to_string(res.body().data()) << std::endl;
 
    // 关闭SSL连接
    boost::beast::error_code ec;
    stream.shutdown(ec);
 
    // 如果有错误，打印错误信息
    if (ec && ec != boost::asio::error::eof) {
        std::cerr << "Error: " << ec.message() << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
 
    return 0;
}

g++ beast_example.cpp -o beast_example -lboost_system -lboost_filesystem -lboost_thread -lboost_iostreams -lssl -lcrypto

#include <iostream>
#include <httplib.h>
 
int main() {
    // 创建httplib客户端
    httplib::Client client("www.test.com");
 
    // 发送GET请求
    auto response = client.Get("/Login");
 
    // 检查响应
    if (response && response->status == 200) {
        std::cout << "Response body: " << response->body << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cerr << "Failed to send HTTP request." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
 
    return 0;
}

g++ httplib_example.cpp -std=c++11 -o httplib_example

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <string>
 
int main() {
    // 创建套接字
    int socket_desc = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (socket_desc == -1) {
        std::cerr << "Could not create socket." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
 
    // 设定服务器地址和端口
    std::string server = "192.168.1.101";
    int port = 80;
     
    // 解析服务器 IP 地址
    struct hostent* host = gethostbyname(server.c_str());
    if (host == nullptr) {
        std::cerr << "Could not resolve hostname." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
    struct in_addr address;
    memcpy(&address, host->h_addr_list[0], sizeof(struct in_addr));
 
    // 设置服务器地址结构
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr{};
    server_addr.sin_addr = address;
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
 
    // 连接服务器
    if (connect(socket_desc, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
        std::cerr << "Could not connect to server." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
 
    // 构建HTTP请求
    std::string request =
        "GET /endpoint HTTP/1.1\r\n"
        "Host: " + server + "\r\n"
        "User-Agent: C++ HTTP Client\r\n"
        "Connection: close\r\n\r\n";
 
    // 发送HTTP请求
    if (send(socket_desc, request.c_str(), request.length(), 0) < 0) {
        std::cerr << "Failed to send HTTP request." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
 
    // 接收并打印服务器响应
    std::string response;
    char buffer[4096];
    while (true) {
        memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
        int bytes_received = recv(socket_desc, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, 0);
        if (bytes_received <= 0) {
            break;
        }
        response += buffer;
    }
 
    std::cout << response << std::endl;
 
    // 关闭套接字
    close(socket_desc);
 
    return 0;
}