详解IDEA中便捷内存数据库H2的最简使用方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>microservice-simple-provider-user</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <parent>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <version>2.4.2</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <!--SpringBoot的Web项目起步依赖-->
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      <version>2.4.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <!--SpringBoot的jpa数据访问组件起步依赖-->
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <!--自动构建H2嵌入式或内存数据库的依赖-->
      <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
      <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
      <version>1.4.200</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.2</version>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

package com.example.models;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

@JsonIgnoreProperties(value = {"hibernateLazyInitializer"})
@Entity
public class User {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
  private Long id;

  @Column
  private String username;

  @Column
  private String name;

  @Column
  private Integer age;

  @Column
  private BigDecimal balance;

  public Long getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getUsername() {
    return username;
  }

  public void setUsername(String username) {
    this.username = username;
  }

  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public Integer getAge() {
    return age;
  }

  public void setAge(Integer age) {
    this.age = age;
  }

  public BigDecimal getBalance() {
    return balance;
  }

  public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
    this.balance = balance;
  }
}

package com.example.dao;

import com.example.models.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}

package com.example.controller;

import com.example.dao.UserRepository;
import com.example.models.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class UserController {
  @Autowired
  private UserRepository userRepository;

  @GetMapping("/{id}")
  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
    User oneUser = this.userRepository.getOne(id);
    return oneUser;
  }
}