Java框架设计灵魂之反射的示例详解

//1.Class.forName("全类名")
Class cls1 = Class.forName("com.zjq.javabase.base25.domain.Person");
System.out.println(cls1);
//2.类名.class
Class cls2 = Person.class;
System.out.println(cls2);
//3.对象.getClass()
Person p = new Person();
Class cls3 = p.getClass();
System.out.println(cls3);

package com.zjq.javabase.base25.domain;
 
/**
 * @author zjq
 */
public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;
 
    public String a;
    protected String b;
    String c;
    private String d;
 
 
    public Person() {
    }
 
    public Person(String name, int age) {
 
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
 
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", a='" + a + '\'' +
                ", b='" + b + '\'' +
                ", c='" + c + '\'' +
                ", d='" + d + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
 
 
    public void eat(){
        System.out.println("eat...");
    }
 
    public void eat(String food){
        System.out.println("eat..."+food);
    }
}

//0.获取Person的Class对象
Class personClass = Person.class;
//1.Field[] getFields()获取所有public修饰的成员变量
Field[] fields = personClass.getFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
    System.out.println(field);
}
 
System.out.println("------------");
//2.Field getField(String name)
Field a = personClass.getField("a");
//获取成员变量a 的值
Person p = new Person();
Object value = a.get(p);
System.out.println(value);
//设置a的值
a.set(p,"张三");
System.out.println(p);
 
System.out.println("===================");
 
//Field[] getDeclaredFields()：获取所有的成员变量，不考虑修饰符
Field[] declaredFields = personClass.getDeclaredFields();
for (Field declaredField : declaredFields) {
    System.out.println(declaredField);
}
//Field getDeclaredField(String name)
Field d = personClass.getDeclaredField("d");
//忽略访问权限修饰符的安全检查
d.setAccessible(true);//暴力反射
Object value2 = d.get(p);
System.out.println(value2);

//0.获取Person的Class对象
Class personClass = Person.class;
 
//Constructor<T> getConstructor(类<?>... parameterTypes)
Constructor constructor = personClass.getConstructor(String.class, int.class);
System.out.println(constructor);
//创建对象
Object person = constructor.newInstance("张三", 23);
System.out.println(person);
 
System.out.println("----------");
 
 
Constructor constructor1 = personClass.getConstructor();
System.out.println(constructor1);
//创建对象
Object person1 = constructor1.newInstance();
System.out.println(person1);
 
Object o = personClass.newInstance();
System.out.println(o);

//0.获取Person的Class对象
Class personClass = Person.class;
//获取指定名称的方法
Method eat_method = personClass.getMethod("eat");
Person p = new Person();
//执行方法
eat_method.invoke(p);
 
 
Method eat_method2 = personClass.getMethod("eat", String.class);
//执行方法
eat_method2.invoke(p,"饭");
 
System.out.println("-----------------");
 
//获取所有public修饰的方法
Method[] methods = personClass.getMethods();
for (Method method : methods) {
    System.out.println(method);
    String name = method.getName();
    System.out.println(name);
    //method.setAccessible(true);
}
 
//获取类名
String className = personClass.getName();
System.out.println(className);//com.zjq.javabase.base25.domain.Person

className=com.zjq.javabase.base25.domain.Student
methodName=sleep

public class Student {
 
    public void sleep() {
        System.out.println("sleep...");
    }
}

//1.加载配置文件
//1.1创建Properties对象
Properties pro = new Properties();
//1.2加载配置文件，转换为一个集合
//1.2.1获取class目录下的配置文件
ClassLoader classLoader = ReflectTest.class.getClassLoader();
InputStream is = classLoader.getResourceAsStream("pro.properties");
pro.load(is);
 
//2.获取配置文件中定义的数据
String className = pro.getProperty("className");
String methodName = pro.getProperty("methodName");
 
 
//3.加载该类进内存
Class cls = Class.forName(className);
//4.创建对象
Object obj = cls.newInstance();
//5.获取方法对象
Method method = cls.getMethod(methodName);
//6.执行方法
method.invoke(obj);