深入理解gorm如何和数据库建立连接

import (
  "gorm.io/driver/mysql"
  "gorm.io/gorm"
)

func main() {
  dsn := "user:pass@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/dbname?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local"
  db, err := gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
}

// DB GORM DB definition
type DB struct {
	*Config
	Error        error
	RowsAffected int64
	Statement    *Statement
	clone        int
}

config.Dialector = dialector

err = config.Dialector.Initialize(db)

// Dialector GORM database dialector
type Dialector interface {
	Name() string
	Initialize(*DB) error
	Migrator(db *DB) Migrator
	DataTypeOf(*schema.Field) string
	DefaultValueOf(*schema.Field) clause.Expression
	BindVarTo(writer clause.Writer, stmt *Statement, v interface{})
	QuoteTo(clause.Writer, string)
	Explain(sql string, vars ...interface{}) string
}

func Open(dsn string) gorm.Dialector {
	dsnConf, _ := mysql.ParseDSN(dsn)
	return &Dialector{Config: &Config{DSN: dsn, DSNConfig: dsnConf}}
}

func (dialector Dialector) Initialize(db *gorm.DB) (err error) {
	if dialector.DriverName == "" {
		dialector.DriverName = "mysql"
	}

	if dialector.DefaultDatetimePrecision == nil {
		dialector.DefaultDatetimePrecision = &defaultDatetimePrecision
	}

	if dialector.Conn != nil {
		db.ConnPool = dialector.Conn
	} else {
		db.ConnPool, err = sql.Open(dialector.DriverName, dialector.DSN)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
    // 省略其他代码
}

func Open(driverName, dataSourceName string) (*DB, error) {
	driversMu.RLock()
	driveri, ok := drivers[driverName]
	driversMu.RUnlock()
	if !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("sql: unknown driver %q (forgotten import?)", driverName)
	}

	if driverCtx, ok := driveri.(driver.DriverContext); ok {
		connector, err := driverCtx.OpenConnector(dataSourceName)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		return OpenDB(connector), nil
	}

	return OpenDB(dsnConnector{dsn: dataSourceName, driver: driveri}), nil
}

drivers   = make(map[string]driver.Driver)

func Register(name string, driver driver.Driver) {
	driversMu.Lock()
	defer driversMu.Unlock()
	if driver == nil {
		panic("sql: Register driver is nil")
	}
	if _, dup := drivers[name]; dup {
		panic("sql: Register called twice for driver " + name)
	}
	drivers[name] = driver
}

func init() {
	sql.Register("mysql", &MySQLDriver{})
}

// OpenConnector implements driver.DriverContext.
func (d MySQLDriver) OpenConnector(dsn string) (driver.Connector, error) {
	cfg, err := ParseDSN(dsn)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return &connector{
		cfg: cfg,
	}, nil
}

func OpenDB(c driver.Connector) *DB {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
	db := &DB{
		connector:    c,
		openerCh:     make(chan struct{}, connectionRequestQueueSize),
		lastPut:      make(map[*driverConn]string),
		connRequests: make(map[uint64]chan connRequest),
		stop:         cancel,
	}

	go db.connectionOpener(ctx)

	return db
}

go db.connectionOpener(ctx)

// Runs in a separate goroutine, opens new connections when requested.
func (db *DB) connectionOpener(ctx context.Context) {
	for {
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return
		case <-db.openerCh:
			db.openNewConnection(ctx)
		}
	}
}

// Open one new connection
func (db *DB) openNewConnection(ctx context.Context) {

	ci, err := db.connector.Connect(ctx)
    // ...省略代码

	dc := &driverConn{
		db:         db,
		createdAt:  nowFunc(),
		returnedAt: nowFunc(),
		ci:         ci,
	}
	if db.putConnDBLocked(dc, err) {
		db.addDepLocked(dc, dc)
	} else {
		db.numOpen--
		ci.Close()
	}
}

// Connect implements driver.Connector interface.
// Connect returns a connection to the database.
func (c *connector) Connect(ctx context.Context) (driver.Conn, error) {
	var err error

	// New mysqlConn
	mc := &mysqlConn{
		maxAllowedPacket: maxPacketSize,
		maxWriteSize:     maxPacketSize - 1,
		closech:          make(chan struct{}),
		cfg:              c.cfg,
	}
	mc.parseTime = mc.cfg.ParseTime

	// Connect to Server
	dialsLock.RLock()
	dial, ok := dials[mc.cfg.Net]
	dialsLock.RUnlock()
	if ok {
    	//...省略代码
	} else {
		nd := net.Dialer{Timeout: mc.cfg.Timeout}
		mc.netConn, err = nd.DialContext(ctx, mc.cfg.Net, mc.cfg.Addr)
	}

	// Enable TCP Keepalives on TCP connections
	if tc, ok := mc.netConn.(*net.TCPConn); ok {
		if err := tc.SetKeepAlive(true); err != nil {
            //...省略代码
		}
	}

	mc.buf = newBuffer(mc.netConn)
	//...

	// Reading Handshake Initialization Packet
	authData, plugin, err := mc.readHandshakePacket()
	if err != nil {
		mc.cleanup()
		return nil, err
	}


	// Send Client Authentication Packet
	authResp, err := mc.auth(authData, plugin)

	if err = mc.writeHandshakeResponsePacket(authResp, plugin); err != nil {
		mc.cleanup()
		return nil, err
	}

	// Handle response to auth packet, switch methods if possible
	if err = mc.handleAuthResult(authData, plugin); err != nil {
		mc.cleanup()
		return nil, err
	}

	return mc, nil
}

type mysqlConn struct {
	buf              buffer
	netConn          net.Conn
	rawConn          net.Conn // underlying connection when netConn is TLS connection.
    // ...
}