linux解析命令行选项getopt_long用法解读

[cpp]
#include <getopt.h> //getopt_long()头文件位置
int getopt_long (int ___argc, char *const *___argv,
const char *__shortopts,
const struct option *__longopts, int *__longind);
int getopt_long_only (int ___argc, char *const *___argv,
const char *__shortopts,
const struct option *__longopts, int *__longind);

[cpp]
struct option
{
const char *name;//长选项名
int has_arg;//是否需要参数
int *flag;
int val;
};

[cpp]
# define no_argument 0 //不需要参数
# define required_argument 1 //必须指定参数
# define optional_argument 2 //参数可选

[cpp]
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <getopt.h> //getopt_long()头文件位置

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
const char *optstring="n:v";
int c,deb,index;
struct option opts[]={{"username",required_argument,NULL,'n'},
{"version",no_argument,NULL,'v'},
{"debug",no_argument,&deb,1},
{0,0,0,0}};
while((c=getopt_long(argc,argv,optstring,opts,&index))!=-1)
{
switch(c)
{
case 'n'://-n 或者 --username 指定用户名
printf("username is %s\n",optarg);
break;
case 'v'://-v 或者--version,输出版本号
printf("version is 0.0.1 \n");
break;
case 0://flag不为NULL
printf("debug is %d\n",deb);
break;
case '?'://选项未定义
printf("?\n");
break;
default:
printf("c is %d\n",c);
break;
}
}
return 0;
}