在Linux与Windows上获取当前堆栈信息的方法

#include <stdio.h>
#include <execinfo.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>


void handler(int sig) {
 void *array[5];
 size_t size;

 // get void*'s for all entries on the stack
 size = backtrace(array, 5);

 // print out all the frames to stderr
 fprintf(stderr, "Error: signal %d:\n", sig);
 char** msgs = backtrace_symbols(array, size);
 for(int i=1;i<size && msgs[i];++i)
 printf("[%d] %s\n", i, msgs[i]);
 exit(1);
}

void baz() {
 int *foo = (int*)-1; // make a bad pointer
 printf("%d\n", *foo);  // causes segfault
}

void bar() { baz(); }
void foo() { bar(); }


int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 signal(SIGSEGV, handler); // install our handler
 foo(); // this will call foo, bar, and baz. baz segfaults.
}

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <DbgHelp.h>
#include <TlHelp32.h>

using namespace std;

HANDLE ph;

void baz()
{
 int* v = 0;
 *v = 0;
}
void bar()
{
 baz();
}

void foo(){
 __try {
  bar();
 }
 __except(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER) {
  auto sire = SymInitialize(ph, 0, FALSE);
  sire = SymSetOptions(SymGetOptions() | SYMOPT_LOAD_LINES | SYMOPT_FAIL_CRITICAL_ERRORS);
  CONTEXT ctx = { 0 };
  ctx.ContextFlags = CONTEXT_FULL;
  RtlCaptureContext(&ctx);
  STACKFRAME64 sf = { 0 };
 #ifdef _M_IX86 // ignore IA64
  auto imageType = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386;
  sf.AddrPC.Offset = ctx.Eip;
  sf.AddrPC.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
  sf.AddrFrame.Offset = ctx.Ebp;
  sf.AddrFrame.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
  sf.AddrStack.Offset = ctx.Esp;
  sf.AddrStack.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
 #elif _M_X64
  auto imageType = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64;
  sf.AddrPC.Offset = ctx.Rip;
  sf.AddrPC.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
  sf.AddrFrame.Offset = ctx.Rsp;
  sf.AddrFrame.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
  sf.AddrStack.Offset = ctx.Rsp;
  sf.AddrStack.Mode = AddrModeFlat;
 #endif

  MODULEENTRY32 me;
  auto snap = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPMODULE, GetCurrentProcessId());
  auto info = Module32First(snap, &me);
  while (info) {
   auto dw = SymLoadModule64(ph, 0, me.szExePath, me.szModule, (DWORD64)me.modBaseAddr, me.modBaseSize);
   if (!Module32Next(snap, &me))break;
  }
  CloseHandle(snap);
  auto thread = GetCurrentThread();

  PIMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64 sym = (IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64 *)malloc(sizeof(IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64) + 100);
  if (!sym)
   return;
  memset(sym, 0, sizeof(IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64) + 100);
  sym->SizeOfStruct = sizeof(IMAGEHLP_SYMBOL64);
  sym->MaxNameLength = 100;

  IMAGEHLP_LINE64 line = { 0 };
  line.SizeOfStruct = sizeof(line);
  for (;;) {
   auto result = StackWalk(imageType, ph, thread, &sf, &ctx, 0, SymFunctionTableAccess64, SymGetModuleBase64, 0);
   if (result) {
    DWORD64 offset = 0;
    DWORD offset_for_line = 0;
    CHAR und_fullname[100];

    if (sf.AddrPC.Offset != 0) {
     if (SymGetSymFromAddr64(ph, sf.AddrPC.Offset, &offset, sym)) {
      UnDecorateSymbolName(sym->Name, und_fullname, 100, UNDNAME_COMPLETE);
      cout << und_fullname;
     }

     if (SymGetLineFromAddr64(ph, sf.AddrPC.Offset, &offset_for_line, &line)) {
      cout << " " << line.FileName << "(" << line.LineNumber << ")";
     }
     cout << endl;
    }
   }
   else
    break;
  }
  SymCleanup(ph);
 }
}
int main()
{
 ph = GetCurrentProcess();
 foo();
 return 0;
}