浅谈python 里面的单下划线与双下划线的区别

class Foo():
  def __init__():
    ...

  def public_method():
    print 'This is public method'

  def __fullprivate_method():
    print 'This is fullprivate_method'

  def _halfprivate_method():
    print 'This is halfprivate_method'

  f = Foo()
  f.public_method() # OK
  f.__fullprivate_method() # Error occur
  f._halfprivate_method() # OK
  f._Foo__fullprivate_method() # OK

class A(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self.__private()
    self.public()
  def __private(self):
    print 'A.__private()'
  def public(self):
    print 'A.public()'
class B(A):
  def __private(self):
    print 'B.__private()'
  def public(self):
    print 'B.public()'
b = B()

>>> print '\n'.join(dir(A))
_A__private
__init__
public

>>> print '\n'.join(dir(B))
_A__private
_B__private
__init__
public

class ____(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self.__method()
  def __method(self):
    print '____.__method()'

print '\n'.join(dir(____))
__class__
__delattr__
__dict__
__doc__
__getattribute__
__hash__
__init__
__method       # 没被矫直
__module__
__new__
__reduce__
__reduce_ex__
__repr__
__setattr__
__str__
__weakref__

obj = ____()
____.__method()

obj.__method()   # 可以外部调用
____.__method()

class A(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self._A__private()     # 这行变了
    self.public()
  def _A__private(self):      # 这行也变了
    print 'A.__private()'
  def public(self):
    print 'A.public()'

class C(A):
  def __init__(self): # 重写 __init__ ，不再调用self._A__private
    self.__private()# 这里绑定的是 _C_private
    self.public()
  def __private(self):
    print 'C.__private()'
  def public(self):
    print 'C.public()'

c = C()
答案：
C.__private()
C.public()

class A(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self._A__private()  # 调用一个没有定义的函数，但可执行 
    self.public()
  def __private(self):
    print 'A.__private()'
  def public(self):
    print 'A.public()'

a = A()
答案：
A.__private()
A.public()