Python字典操作详细介绍及字典内建方法分享

>>> dict1 = {}
>>> dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>> dict1, dict2
({}, {'port': 80, 'name': 'earth'})

>>> fdict = dict((['x', 1], ['y', 2]))
>>> fdict
{'y': 2, 'x': 1}

>>> ddict = {}.fromkeys(('x', 'y'), -1) 
>>> ddict
{'y': -1, 'x': -1}
>>>
>>> edict = {}.fromkeys(('foo', 'bar'))
>>> edict
{'foo': None, 'bar': None}

>>> dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>>
>>>> for key in dict2.keys():
... print 'key=%s, value=%s' % (key, dict2[key])
...
key=name, value=earth
key=port, value=80

>>> dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>>
>>>> for key in dict2:
... print 'key=%s, value=%s' % (key, dict2[key])
...
key=name, value=earth
key=port, value=80

>>> 'server' in dict2 # 或 dict2.has_key('server')
False
>>> 'name' in dict # 或 dict2.has_key('name')
True
>>> dict2['name']
'earth'

>>> dict3 = {}
>>> dict3[1] = 'abc'
>>> dict3['1'] = 3.14159
>>> dict3[3.2] = 'xyz'
>>> dict3
{3.2: 'xyz', 1: 'abc', '1': 3.14159}

dict2 = {'name': 'earth', 'port': 80}
>>> dict2.keys()
['port', 'name']
>>>
>>> dict2.values()
[80, 'earth']
>>>
>>> dict2.items()
[('port', 80), ('name', 'earth')]
>>>
>>> for eachKey in dict2.keys():
... print 'dict2 key', eachKey, 'has value', dict2[eachKey]
...
dict2 key port has value 80
dict2 key name has value earth

dict3 = {'server': 'http', 'port': 80, 'host': 'venus'}
>>> dict3.clear()
>>> dict3
{}

>>> dict(x=1, y=2)
{'y': 2, 'x': 1}
>>> dict8 = dict(x=1, y=2)
>>> dict8
{'y': 2, 'x': 1}
>>> dict9 = dict(**dict8)
>>> dict9
{'y': 2, 'x': 1}
 
dict9 = dict8.copy()