用 Python 连接 MySQL 的几种方式详解

# 前置条件
sudo apt-get install python-dev libmysqlclient-dev # Ubuntu
sudo yum install python-devel mysql-devel # Red Hat / CentOS
# 安装
pip install MySQL-python

#!/usr/bin/python
import MySQLdb
db = MySQLdb.connect(
   host="localhost",  # 主机名
   user="john",     # 用户名
   passwd="megajonhy", # 密码
   db="jonhydb")    # 数据库名称
# 查询前，必须先获取游标
cur = db.cursor()
# 执行的都是原生SQL语句
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM YOUR_TABLE_NAME")
for row in cur.fetchall():
  print(row[0])
db.close()

# Windows安装
pip install some-package.whl
# linux 前置条件
sudo apt-get install python3-dev # debian / Ubuntu
sudo yum install python3-devel # Red Hat / CentOS
brew install mysql-connector-c # macOS (Homebrew)
pip install mysqlclient

pip install PyMySQL
# 为了兼容mysqldb，只需要加入
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', user='root', passwd="xxx", db='mysql')
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute("SELECT Host,User FROM user")
for r in cur:
  print(r)
cur.close()
conn.close()

import peewee
from peewee import *
db = MySQLDatabase('jonhydb', user='john', passwd='megajonhy')
class Book(peewee.Model):
  author = peewee.CharField()
  title = peewee.TextField()
  class Meta:
    database = db
Book.create_table()
book = Book(author="me", title='Peewee is cool')
book.save()
for book in Book.filter(author="me"):
  print(book.title)

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy_declarative import Address, Base, Person
class Address(Base):
  __tablename__ = 'address'
  id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
  street_name = Column(String(250))
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///sqlalchemy_example.db')
Base.metadata.bind = engine
DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = DBSession()
# Insert a Person in the person table
new_person = Person(name='new person')
session.add(new_person)
session.commit()