django 多数据库配置教程

DATABASES = {
  'default': {
    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
    'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'sqlite3'),
  },
  'db01': {
    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
    'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db_01'),
  },
  'db02': {
    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
    'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db_02'),
  },
}

DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['Prject.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter']

DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = {
  # example:
  # 'app_name':'database_name',
  'app02': 'db02',
  'app01': 'db01',
  'admin': 'db01',
  'auth': 'db01',
  'contenttypes': 'db01',
  'sessions': 'db01',
}

from django.conf import settings
DATABASE_MAPPING = settings.DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING
class DatabaseAppsRouter(object):
  """
  A router to control all database operations on models for different
  databases.
  In case an app is not set in settings.DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING, the router
  will fallback to the `default` database.
  Settings example:
  DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = {'app1': 'db1', 'app2': 'db2'}
  """
  def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
    """"Point all read operations to the specific database."""
    if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
      return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label]
    return None
  def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
    """Point all write operations to the specific database."""
    if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
      return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label]
    return None
  def allow_relation(self, obj1, obj2, **hints):
    """Allow any relation between apps that use the same database."""
    db_obj1 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj1._meta.app_label)
    db_obj2 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj2._meta.app_label)
    if db_obj1 and db_obj2:
      if db_obj1 == db_obj2:
        return True
      else:
        return False
    return None
  def allow_syncdb(self, db, model):
    """Make sure that apps only appear in the related database."""
    if db in DATABASE_MAPPING.values():
      return DATABASE_MAPPING.get(model._meta.app_label) == db
    elif model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
      return False
    return None
  def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model=None, **hints):
    """
    Make sure the auth app only appears in the 'auth_db'
    database.
    """
    if db in DATABASE_MAPPING.values():
      return DATABASE_MAPPING.get(app_label) == db
    elif app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
      return False
    return None

class Users(models.Model):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
  passwd = models.CharField(max_length=100)
  def __str__(self):
    return "app01 %s " % self.name
  class Meta:
    app_label = "app01"

class Users(models.Model):
  username = models.CharField(max_length=100)
  password = models.CharField(max_length=50)
  age = models.IntegerField()
  def __str__(self):
    return "app02 %s" % self.username
  class Meta:
    app_label = "app02"
class Book(models.Model):
  user = models.ForeignKey("Users", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
  bookname = models.CharField(max_length=100)
  def __str__(self):
    return "%s: %s" % (self.user.username, self.bookname)
  class Meta:
    app_label = "app02"

class Users(models.Model):  
  username = models.CharField(max_length=100)

./ manage.py migrate --database=db01    

./ manage.py migrate --database=db02

./ manage.py migrate

models.User.objects.using(dbname).all(）