Python如何基于rsa模块实现非对称加密与解密

import rsa


# 一、生成公钥及私钥, 并保存
public_key, private_key = rsa.newkeys(1024) # 生成公钥和私钥
# 将生成的公钥和私钥进行转换，以便存储
pub = public_key.save_pkcs1()
pri = private_key.save_pkcs1('PEM') # save_pkcsl()是内置方法，其默认参数是‘PEM'
with open('pubkey.pem', mode='wb') as f, open('privkey.pem', mode='wb') as f1:
  f.write(pub) # 打开两个文件，分别存储公钥及私钥
  f1.write(pri)


# 二. 使用公钥加密, 私钥解密
def func():
  with open('pubkey.pem', mode='rb') as f, open('privkey.pem', 'rb') as f1:
    pub = f.read() # 从文件中再读出公钥和私钥
    pri = f1.read()
    public_key = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(pub) # 转换为原始状态
    private_key = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(pri)
  message = "rsa加密测试"
  info = rsa.encrypt(message.encode('utf-8'), public_key) # 使用公钥加密内容，内容必须是二进制
  msg = rsa.decrypt(info, private_key) # 使用私钥解密，获得解密后的内容
  print(msg.decode('utf-8')) # 使用之前记得先解码

import rsa


class Rsa(object):
  """RSA加密、解密"""

  def __init__(self, number, pub_path='public_key.pem', priv_path='private_key.pem'):
    """

    :param pub_path: the path to public key, default its path is public_key.pem
    :param priv_path: the path to private key, default its path is private_key.pem
    """
    # Generate the public and private keys, and returns them
    self.public_key, self.private_key = rsa.newkeys(number)

    self.public_key_path = pub_path
    self.private_key_path = priv_path

  def key_transform_store(self):
    """
    convert and save the generated public and private keys to a file
    :return: None
    """
    # convert the generated public and private keys for storage
    pub = self.public_key.save_pkcs1()
    pri = self.private_key.save_pkcs1('PEM')

    # open two files to store the public key and private key respectively
    
    with open(self.public_key_path, mode='wb') as f:
      f.write(pub)

    with open(self.private_key_path, mode='wb') as f1:
      f1.write(pri)

  def encry(self, info):
    """
    encrypt information
    :param info: the original string information to be encrypted
    :return:info_encrypted
    """
    # read the public key from the file
    with open(self.public_key_path, mode='rb') as f:
      pub = f.read()
      # convert pub to original state
      public_key = rsa.PublicKey.load_pkcs1(pub)

    # use the public key to encrypt the content, which must be binary
    info_encrypted = rsa.encrypt(info.encode('utf-8'), public_key)
    return info_encrypted

  def decry(self, info_encrypted):
    """
    decrypt information
    :param info_encrypted: encrypted information
    :return: info
    """
    # read the private key from the file
    with open(self.private_key_path, 'rb') as f:
      pri = f.read()
      # convert pri to original state
      private_key = rsa.PrivateKey.load_pkcs1(pri)

    # decrypt with private key to obtain the decrypted content
    msg = rsa.decrypt(info_encrypted, private_key)
    info = msg.decode('utf-8') # decode
    return info


rsa_obj = Rsa(1024) # 实例化
rsa_obj.key_transform_store() # 
info_encrypted = rsa_obj.encry('我是真心喜欢你的。') # 加密
print(info_encrypted)
info = rsa_obj.decry(info_encrypted) # 解密
print(info) # 我是真心喜欢你的。

rsa_obj = Rsa(1024) # 实例化
rsa_obj.key_transform_store() # 
info_encrypted = rsa_obj.encry('我是真心喜欢你的。我是真心喜欢你的。我是真心喜欢你的。我是真心喜欢你的。我是真心喜欢你的。我是真心喜欢你的。我是真心喜欢你的。') # 加密
print(info_encrypted)
info = rsa_obj.decry(info_encrypted) # 解密
print(info)