Python hashlib常见摘要算法详解

import hashlib
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update('how to use md5 in python hashlib?'.encode("utf8")) #需要指定转码 否则报错 update()必须指定要加密的字符串的字符编码
print( md5.hexdigest())#返回十六进制
print( md5.digest()) #二进制

# 如果数据量很大，可以分块多次调用update()，最后计算的结果是一样的：
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update('how to use md5 in '.encode("utf8"))
md5.update('python hashlib?'.encode("utf8"))
print( md5.hexdigest())#返回十六进制

d26a53750bc40b38b65a520292f69306
b'\xd2jSu\x0b\xc4\x0b8\xb6ZR\x02\x92\xf6\x93\x06'
d26a53750bc40b38b65a520292f69306

import hashlib
sha_1 = hashlib.sha1()
sha_1.update('how to use sha1 in '.encode("utf8"))  #需要指定转码 否则报错 update()必须指定要加密的字符串的字符编码
sha_1.update('python hashlib?'.encode("utf8"))
print (sha_1.hexdigest())

# 如果数据量很大，可以分块多次调用update()，最后计算的结果是一样的：
sha2 = hashlib.sha1()
sha2.update('how to use sha1 in python hashlib?'.encode("utf8"))
print (sha2.hexdigest())

import os
import hashlib
#文件md5
def file_md5(pathandname):
  if os.path.isfile(pathandname):
    hashmd5 = hashlib.md5()
    file = open(pathandname, 'rb')
    while True:
      b = file.read(1024)
      if not b:
        break
      hashmd5.update(b)
    file.close()
    return hashmd5.hexdigest()
  else:
    return None

print(file_md5("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\V2.6.1_B511\\hvr_dec"))   #aef87d1d673ca52412b4a950a06b9557

import base64
import os
# base64，参数为文件路径名
def file_base64(filepath):
  if os.path.isfile(filepath):
    with open(filepath, 'rb') as file:
      file_base64_str = base64.b64encode(file.read())
    return file_base64_str
  else:
    return None

import hmac
import hashlib
def get_hmacsha256(key, message):
  key_bytes = bytes(key, 'utf-8')
  message_bytes = bytes(message, 'utf-8')
  hmacsha256_str = hmac.new(key_bytes, message_bytes, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()
  return hmacsha256_str