Python3中configparser模块读写ini文件并解析配置的用法详解

[DEFAULT]
ServerAliveInterval = 45
Compression = yes
CompressionLevel = 9
ForwardX11 = yes

[bitbucket.org]
User = Tom

[topsecret.com]
Port: 50022
ForwardX11: no

>>> import configparser
>>> config = configparser.ConfigParser()  # 注意大小写
>>> config.read("config.ini")  # 配置文件的路径
["config.ini"]

>>> parser = configparser.ConfigParser()
>>> parser.read_dict({'section1': {'key1': 'value1',
...                'key2': 'value2',
...                'key3': 'value3'},
...          'section2': {'keyA': 'valueA',
...                'keyB': 'valueB',
...                'keyC': 'valueC'},
...          'section3': {'foo': 'x',
...                'bar': 'y',
...                'baz': 'z'}
... })

>>> config.sections()
['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.com']  # 注意会过滤掉[DEFAULT]

>>> config.items('topsecret.com')
>>>> [('port', '50022'), ('forwardx11', 'no')]  # 注意items()返回的字符串会全变成小写

>>> config.options('topsecret.com')
['Port', 'ForwardX11']

>>> for option in config['topsecret.com']:
...   print(option)
Port
ForwardX11

>>> config['bitbucket.org']['User']
'Tom'

>>> config.get('bitbucket.org', 'User')
'Tom'
>>> config.getint('topsecret.com', 'Port')
50022

>>> 'DEFAULT' in config
True
>>> 'test' in config['section_test']
False
>>> 'Tom' in config['bitbucket.org']['User']
True

>>> config.has_section('bitbucket.org')
True
>>> config.has_option('section_test', 'test')
False

>>> config.add_section('Section_1')
>>> config.set('Section_1', 'key_1', 'value_1')  # 注意键值是用set()方法
>>> config.write(open('config.ini', 'w'))  # 一定要写入才生效

>>> config.remove_option('Section_1', 'key_1')
True
>>> config.remove_section('Section_1')
True
>>> config.clear() # 清空除[DEFAULT]之外所有内容
>>> config.write(open('config.ini', 'w'))

>>> config.remove_section('DEFAULT')
False
>>> config.clear()
>>> 'DEFAULT' in config
True
>>> 'ForwardX11' in config['DEFAULT']
True
>>> config.sections()
[]

>>> config.remove_option('DEFAULT', 'ForwardX11')
True
>>> config.set('DEFAULT', 'ForwardX11','no')
>>> config['DEFAULT']['ForwardX11']
'no'

>>> config.has_section('DEFAULT')
False
>>> 'DEFAULT' in config
True