python读取配置文件方式(ini、yaml、xml)

import configparser

file = 'config.ini'

# 创建配置文件对象
con = configparser.ConfigParser()

# 读取文件
con.read(file, encoding='utf-8')

# 获取所有section
sections = con.sections()
# ['url', 'email']


# 获取特定section
items = con.items('url') # 返回结果为元组
# [('baidu','https://www.jb51.net'),('port', '80')] # 数字也默认读取为字符串

# 可以通过dict方法转换为字典
items = dict(items)

url: https://www.jb51.net
log: 
 file_name: test.log
 backup_count: 5

defaults: &defaults
 adapter: postgres
 host: localhost
 
development: 
 databases: myapp_deveploment
 <<: *defaults

test:
 databases: myapp_test
 <<: *defaults

defaults: 
 adapter: postgres
 host: localhost
 
development: 
 databases: myapp_deveploment
 adapter: postgres
 host: localhost

test:
 databases: myapp_test
 adapter: postgres
 host: localhost

url: https://www.baidu.com
email:
 send: xxx@qq.com
 port: 25

---
url: http://www.sina.com.cn

# coding:utf-8
import yaml

# 获取yaml文件路径
yamlPath = 'config.yaml'

with open(yamlPath,'rb') as f:
 # yaml文件通过---分节，多个节组合成一个列表
 date = yaml.safe_load_all(f)
 # salf_load_all方法得到的是一个迭代器，需要使用list()方法转换为列表
 print(list(date))

<collection shelf="New Arrivals">
<movie title="Enemy Behind">
 <type>War, Thriller</type>
 <format>DVD</format>
 <year>2003</year>
 <rating>PG</rating>
 <stars>10</stars>
 <description>Talk about a US-Japan war</description>
</movie>
<movie title="Transformers">
 <type>Anime, Science Fiction</type>
 <format>DVD</format>
 <year>1989</year>
 <rating>R</rating>
 <stars>8</stars>
 <description>A schientific fiction</description>
</movie>
 <movie title="Trigun">
 <type>Anime, Action</type>
 <format>DVD</format>
 <episodes>4</episodes>
 <rating>PG</rating>
 <stars>10</stars>
 <description>Vash the Stampede!</description>
</movie>
<movie title="Ishtar">
 <type>Comedy</type>
 <format>VHS</format>
 <rating>PG</rating>
 <stars>2</stars>
 <description>Viewable boredom</description>
</movie>
</collection>

# coding=utf-8
import xml.dom.minidom
from xml.dom.minidom import parse

DOMTree = parse('config.xml')
collection = DOMTree.documentElement
if collection.hasAttribute("shelf"):
 print("Root element : %s" % collection.getAttribute("shelf"))

# 在集合中获取所有电影
movies = collection.getElementsByTagName("movie")

# 打印每部电影的详细信息
for movie in movies:
 print("*****Movie*****")
 if movie.hasAttribute("title"):
  print("Title: %s" % movie.getAttribute("title"))

 type = movie.getElementsByTagName('type')[0]
 print("Type: %s" % type.childNodes[0].data)
 format = movie.getElementsByTagName('format')[0]
 print("Format: %s" % format.childNodes[0].data)
 rating = movie.getElementsByTagName('rating')[0]
 print("Rating: %s" % rating.childNodes[0].data)
 description = movie.getElementsByTagName('description')[0]
 print("Description: %s" % description.childNodes[0].data)