Python selenium爬取微博数据代码实例

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import csv
import os
import time
 
#只有这2个参数设置，想爬谁的微博数据就在这里改地址和目标csv名称就行
weibo_url = 'https://weibo.com/bgsxy?profile_ftype=1&is_all=1#_0'
csv_name = 'bgsxy_allweibo.csv'
 
def start_chrome():
  print('开始创建浏览器')
  driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='C:/Users/lori/Desktop/python52project/chromedriver_win32/chromedriver.exe')
  driver.start_client()
  return driver
 
def get_web(url):   #获取网页，并下拉到最底部
  print('开始打开指定网页')
  driver.get(url)
  time.sleep(7)
  scoll_down()
  time.sleep(5)
 
def scoll_down():  # 滚轮下拉到最底部
  html_page = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('html')
  for i in range(7):
    print(i)
    html_page.send_keys(Keys.END)
    time.sleep(1)
 
def get_data():
  print('开始查找并提取数据')
  card_sel = 'div.WB_cardwrap.WB_feed_type'
  time_sel = 'a.S_txt2[node-type="feed_list_item_date"]'
  source_sel = 'a.S_txt2[suda-uatrack="key=profile_feed&value=pubfrom_guest"]'
  content_sel = 'div.WB_text.W_f14'
  interact_sel = 'span.line.S_line1>span>em:nth-child(2)'
 
  cards = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(card_sel)
  info_list = []
 
  for card in cards:
    time = card.find_elements_by_css_selector(time_sel)[0].text #虽然有可能在一个card中有2个time元素，我们取第一个就对
    if card.find_elements_by_css_selector(source_sel):
      source = card.find_elements_by_css_selector(source_sel)[0].text
    else:
      source = ''
    content = card.find_elements_by_css_selector(content_sel)[0].text
    link = card.find_elements_by_css_selector(time_sel)[0].get_attribute('href')
    trans = card.find_elements_by_css_selector(interact_sel)[1].text
    comment = card.find_elements_by_css_selector(interact_sel)[2].text
    like = card.find_elements_by_css_selector(interact_sel)[3].text
    info_list.append([time,source,content,link,trans,comment,like])
 
  return info_list
 
def save_csv(info_list,csv_name):
  csv_path = './' + csv_name
  print('开始写入csv文件')
  if os.path.exists(csv_path):
    with open(csv_path,'a',newline='',encoding='utf-8-sig') as f: #newline=''避免空行；encoding='utf-8-sig'比utf8牛，保存中文没问题
      writer = csv.writer(f)
      writer.writerows(info_list)
  else:
    with open(csv_path,'w+',newline='',encoding='utf-8-sig') as f:
      writer = csv.writer(f)
      writer.writerow(['发布时间','来源','内容','链接','转发数','评论数','点赞数'])
      writer.writerows(info_list)
  time.sleep(5)
 
def next_page_url():
  next_page_sel = 'a.page.next'
  next_page_ele = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(next_page_sel)
  if next_page_ele:
    return next_page_ele[0].get_attribute('href')
  else:
    return None
 
 
driver = start_chrome()
input('请在chrome中登录weibo.com')   # 暂停程序，手动登录weibo.com
 
while True:
  get_web(weibo_url)
  info_list = get_data()
  save_csv(info_list,csv_name)
  if next_page_url():
    weibo_url = next_page_url()
  else:
    print('爬取结束')
    break