Python爬虫实例——爬取美团美食数据

import requests
import re


def start():
  for w in range(0, 1600, 32):
  #页码根据实际情况x32即可，我这里是设置50页为上限，为了避免设置页码过高或者数据过少情况，定义最大上限为1600-也就是50页，使用try-except来检测时候异常，异常跳过该页，一般作为无数据跳过该页处理
    try:
    # 注意uuid后面参数空余将uuid后xxx替换为自己的uuid参数
      url = 'https://apimobile.meituan.com/group/v4/poi/pcsearch/1?uuid=xxx&userid=-1&limit=32&offset='+str(w)+'&cateId=-1&q=%E7%81%AB%E9%94%85'
      #headers的数据可以在F12开发者工具下面的requests_headers中查看，需要实现选择如下headers信息
      #必要情况 请求频繁 建议增加cookie参数在headers内
      headers = {
        'Accept': '*/*',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
        'Connection': 'keep-alive',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.25 Safari/537.36 Core/1.70.3741.400 QQBrowser/10.5.3863.400',
        'Host': 'apimobile.meituan.com',
        'Origin': 'https://bj.meituan.com',
        'Referer': 'https://bj.meituan.com/s/%E7%81%AB%E9%94%85/'
      }
      response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
      #正则获取当前响应内容中的数据，因json方法无法针对店铺特有的title键值进行获取没所以采用正则
   titles = re.findall('","title":"(.*?)","address":"', response.text)
     addresses = re.findall(',"address":"(.*?)",', response.text)
     avgprices = re.findall(',"avgprice":(.*?),', response.text)
     avgscores = re.findall(',"avgscore":(.*?),',response.text)
     comments = re.findall(',"comments":(.*?),',response.text)
     #输出当前返回数据的长度 是否为32
     print(len(titles), len(addresses), len(avgprices), len(avgscores), len(comments))
     for o in range(len(titles)):
     #循环遍历每一个值 写入文件中
       title = titles[o]
       address = addresses[o]
       avgprice = avgprices[o]
       avgscore = avgscores[o]
       comment = comments[o]
       #写入本地文件
       file_data(title, address, avgprice, avgscore, comment)

#文件写入方法
def file_data(title, address, avgprice, avgscore, comment):
  data = {
        '店铺名称': title,
        '店铺地址': address,
        '平均消费价格': avgprice,
        '店铺评分': avgscore,
        '评价人数': comment
      }
  with open('美团美食.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8')as fb:
    fb.write(json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False) + '\n')
    #ensure_ascii=False必须加因为json.dumps方法不关闭转码会导致出现乱码情况
if __name__ == '__main__':
  start()