Python中三维坐标空间绘制的实现

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
dot1 = [[0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1], [
  2, 2, 2], [2, 2, 3], [2, 2, 4]] # 得到五个点
plt.figure() # 得到画面
ax1 = plt.axes(projection='3d')
ax1.set_xlim(0, 5) # X轴，横向向右方向
ax1.set_ylim(5, 0) # Y轴,左向与X,Z轴互为垂直
ax1.set_zlim(0, 5) # 竖向为Z轴
color1 = ['r', 'g', 'b', 'k', 'm']
marker1 = ['o', 'v', '1', 's', 'H']
i = 0
for x in dot1:
  ax1.scatter(x[0], x[1], x[2], c=color1[i],
        marker=marker1[i], linewidths=4) # 用散点函数画点
  i += 1
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
plt.figure()
ax = plt.subplot(111, projection='3d')
ax.set_xlim(0, 20) # X轴，横向向右方向
ax.set_ylim(20, 0) # Y轴,左向与X,Z轴互为垂直
ax.set_zlim(0, 20) # 竖向为Z轴
z = np.linspace(0, 4*np.pi, 500)
x = 10*np.sin(z)
y = 10*np.cos(z)
ax.plot3D(x, y, z, 'black') # 绘制黑色空间曲线
# ----------------------------------------------------------
z1 = np.linspace(0, 4*np.pi, 500)
x1 = 5*np.sin(z1)
y1 = 5*np.cos(z1)
ax.plot3D(x1,y1,z1,'g--')   #绘制绿色空间虚曲线
#------------------------------------------------------------
ax.plot3D([0,18,0],[5,18,10],[0,5,0],'om-')  #绘制带o折线
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib import cm
import numpy as np
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15, 5))
ax = fig.add_subplot(131, projection='3d') # 第一个绘图区
x = np.arange(1, 50, 1)
y = np.arange(1, 50, 1)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y) # 将坐标向量(x,y)变为坐标矩阵(X,Y)


def Z(X, Y): # 自定义求Z向量的函数
  return X*0.2+Y*0.3+20


s1 = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z(X, Y), rstride=10,
           cstride=10, cmap=cm.jet, linewidth=1,
          antialiased=True)  #绘制面
ax.set_xlim3d(0,50)  #指定x轴坐标值范围
ax.set_ylim3d(0,50)  #指定y轴坐标值范围
ax.set_zlim3d(0,50)  #指定z轴坐标值范围 
fig.colorbar(s1,shrink=1,aspect=5)  
#------------------------------------------
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(132,projection='3d')  #第二个绘图区
s2 = ax1.plot_surface(X,Y,Z(X,Y),rstride=1,
           cstride=1, cmap=cm.jet, linewidth=1,
          antialiased=False)  #绘制面
fig.colorbar(s2,shrink=0.5,aspect=5)
#--------------------------------------------
d = 0.05
x1 = np.arange(-4,4,d)
y1 = np.arange(-3,3,d)
X1,Y1 = np.meshgrid(x1,y1)
def Z1(X,Y):         #自定义求z向量的函数
  z1 = np.exp(-X**2-Y**2)
  z2 = np.exp(-(X-1)**2-(Y-1)**2)
  return (z2-z1)*2       #返回Z坐标值
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(133,projection='3d')
s3 = ax2.plot_surface(X,Y,Z(X,Y),rstride=1,
           cstride=1, cmap=cm.jet, linewidth=1,
          antialiased=False)
fig.colorbar(s3,shrink=0.5,aspect=5)
plt.show()