Docker 安装及配置镜像加速的实现

sudo yum remove docker \
     docker-client \
     docker-client-latest \
     docker-common \
     docker-latest \
     docker-latest-logrotate \
     docker-logrotate \
     docker-engine

# 安装 yum-utils
sudo yum install -y yum-utils
# 设置 yum 源为阿里云方便下载 Docker Engine
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

# 启动 docker
sudo systemctl start docker
# 停止 docker
sudo systemctl stop docker
# 重启 docker
sudo systemctl restart docker
# 设置开机启动
sudo systemctl enable docker
# 查看 docker 状态
sudo systemctl status docker
# 查看 docker 内容器的运行状态
sudo docker stats
# 查看 docker 概要信息
sudo docker info
# 查看 docker 帮助文档
sudo docker --help

[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 19.03.12, build 48a66213fe
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:   19.03.12
 API version:  1.40
 Go version:  go1.13.10
 Git commit:  48a66213fe
 Built:    Mon Jun 22 15:46:54 2020
 OS/Arch:   linux/amd64
 Experimental:  false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
 Version:   19.03.12
 API version:  1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
 Go version:  go1.13.10
 Git commit:  48a66213fe
 Built:   Mon Jun 22 15:45:28 2020
 OS/Arch:   linux/amd64
 Experimental:  false
 containerd:
 Version:   1.2.13
 GitCommit:  7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
 Version:   1.0.0-rc10
 GitCommit:  dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
 Version:   0.18.0
 GitCommit:  fec3683

[root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
docker: Error response from daemon: Get https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/hello-world/manifests/latest: net/http: TLS handshake timeout.
See 'docker run --help'.

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
 "registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com", "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]
}

# 重新加载某个服务的配置文件
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# 重新启动 docker
sudo systemctl restart docker

[root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally # 本地找不到 hello-world 镜像
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world # 拉取最新版本的 hello-world 镜像
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:49a1c8800c94df04e9658809b006fd8a686cab8028d33cfba2cc049724254202
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

# 看到此消息表示您已正常安装。
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
 (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
 executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
 to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/