python模拟登陆网站的示例

# _ga google分析 cookie
# UM_distinctid 友盟cookie
# CNZZxxx CNZZcookie
# __utma,__utmc,__utmz google统计网站
# Hm_lvt_xxx 百度统计网站

import urllib.request

url = 'https://i.cnblogs.com/posts'

user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36'

#浏览器登录后得到的cookie，也就是刚才复制的字符串
cookie_str = '.CNBlogsCookie=xxx; .Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies=xxx'

headers = {
 'User-Agent': user_agent,
 'cookie':cookie_str
}

req = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=headers)
resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8')

print(resp)

import urllib.request
import http.cookiejar

url = 'https://www.yaozh.com/login'

user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36'

# formData数据
data = {'username': '用户名',
  'pwd': '密码',
  'formhash': 'C3086BBA84',
  'backurl': 'https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yaozh.com%2F'}

post_data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')

# 请求头设置
headers = {
 'User-Agent': user_agent
}

# 构造登陆请求
req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers, data=post_data)

# cookie
cookie = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()

# 构造一个opener携带登录后的cookie
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie))

# 发送登陆请求
resp = opener.open(req)

print(resp)

# 登录后个人中心
url = 'https://www.yaozh.com/member/'

# 构造访问请求
req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers)

resp = opener.open(req).read().decode('utf-8')

print(resp)

import json
...

data = {'loginType': '1',
  'pwdOrVerifyCode': '密码',
  'userIdentification': '账号',
  'uaToken': '',
  'webUmidToken':''}

headers = {
 'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',
 'User-Agent': user_agent
}


req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data))
...

import requests

url = 'https://www.yaozh.com/login'

user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/77.0.3865.90 Safari/537.36'

# formData数据
data = {'username': 'chenjy1225',
  'pwd': '19931225yjy',
  'formhash': 'C3086BBA84',
  'backurl': 'https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yaozh.com%2F'}


#构造Session
session = requests.Session()

# 发送post请求
resp = session.post(url, data)

# 登录后个人中心
url = 'https://www.yaozh.com/member/'

# 发送请求访问个人中心
resp = session.get(url).content.decode('utf-8')

print(resp)

from selenium import webdriver
import time

# 新建selenium浏览器对象，后面是geckodriver.exe下载后本地路径
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

url = 'https://www.yaozh.com/login'

# 浏览器访问登录页面
browser.get(url)

# 等待3s用于加载脚本文件
browser.implicitly_wait(3)

# 输入用户名
username = browser.find_element_by_id('username')
username.send_keys('chenjy1225')

# 输入密码
password = browser.find_element_by_id('pwd')
password.send_keys('19931225yjy')

# 点击登录按钮
login_button = browser.find_element_by_id('button')
login_button.submit()

# 网页截图
browser.save_screenshot('screenshot.png')

# 强制等待5s，等待登录后的跳转
time.sleep(5)

url = 'https://www.yaozh.com/member/'

browser.get(url)

# 网页截图个人中心
browser.save_screenshot('screenshot1.png')

# 关闭浏览器
browser.quit()