golang http使用踩过的坑与填坑指南

resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
if err != nil {
               // handle error
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
// ...

 type Response struct { 
    // Body represents the response body.
    //
    // The response body is streamed on demand as the Body field
    // is read. If the network connection fails or the server
    // terminates the response, Body.Read calls return an error.
    //
    // The http Client and Transport guarantee that Body is always
    // non-nil, even on responses without a body or responses with
    // a zero-length body. It is the caller's responsibility to
    // close Body. The default HTTP client's Transport may not
    // reuse HTTP/1.x "keep-alive" TCP connections if the Body is
    // not read to completion and closed.
    //
    // The Body is automatically dechunked if the server replied
    // with a "chunked" Transfer-Encoding.
    Body io.ReadCloser
 }

defer resp.Body.Close()

type Client struct {
    // Transport specifies the mechanism by which individual
    // HTTP requests are made.
    // If nil, DefaultTransport is used.
    Transport RoundTripper  
    // Timeout specifies a time limit for requests made by this
    // Client. The timeout includes connection time, any
    // redirects, and reading the response body. The timer remains
    // running after Get, Head, Post, or Do return and will
    // interrupt reading of the Response.Body.
    //
    // A Timeout of zero means no timeout.
    //
    // The Client cancels requests to the underlying Transport
    // as if the Request's Context ended.
    //
    // For compatibility, the Client will also use the deprecated
    // CancelRequest method on Transport if found. New
    // RoundTripper implementations should use the Request's Context
    // for cancelation instead of implementing CancelRequest.
    Timeout time.Duration
}

var DefaultTransport RoundTripper = &Transport{
    Proxy: ProxyFromEnvironment,
    DialContext: (&net.Dialer{
        Timeout:   30 * time.Second,
        KeepAlive: 30 * time.Second,
        DualStack: true,
    }).DialContext,
    MaxIdleConns:          100,
    IdleConnTimeout:       90 * time.Second,
    TLSHandshakeTimeout:   10 * time.Second,
    ExpectContinueTimeout: 1 * time.Second,
}

 type Transport struct {
     // MaxIdleConnsPerHost, if non-zero, controls the maximum idle
    // (keep-alive) connections to keep per-host. If zero,
    // DefaultMaxIdleConnsPerHost is used.
    MaxIdleConnsPerHost int
    
    // MaxConnsPerHost optionally limits the total number of
    // connections per host, including connections in the dialing,
    // active, and idle states. On limit violation, dials will block.
    //
    // Zero means no limit.
    //
    // For HTTP/2, this currently only controls the number of new
    // connections being created at a time, instead of the total
    // number. In practice, hosts using HTTP/2 only have about one
    // idle connection, though.
    MaxConnsPerHost int
}