详细介绍python类及类的用法

class Province:
 
    # 静态字段
    country ＝ '中国'
 
 
# 直接访问静态字段
Province.country

lass Goods:
 
    def __init__(self):
        # 原价
        self.original_price = 100
        # 折扣
        self.discount = 0.8
 
    @property
    def price(self):
        # 实际价格 = 原价 * 折扣
        new_price = self.original_price * self.discount
        return new_price
 
    @price.setter
    def price(self, value):
        self.original_price = value
 
    @price.deleter
    def price(self):
        del self.original_price

class Foo:
 
    def get_bar(self):
        return 'get_bar'
 
    # *必须两个参数
    def set_bar(self, value): 
        return 'set value' + value
 
    def del_bar(self):
        return 'del_bar'
 
    age = property(fget=get_bar,fset=set_bar,fdel=del_bar,doc='description...')

class Foo:
 
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
 
    def ord_func(self):
        """ 定义普通方法，至少有一个self参数 """
        # print self.name
        print('普通方法')
 
    @classmethod
    def class_func(cls):
        """ 定义类方法，至少有一个cls参数 """
        print('类方法')
 
    @staticmethod
    def static_func():
        """ 定义静态方法 ，无默认参数"""
        print('静态方法')

class C:
	name = '公有静态字段'
	__sname ='私有静态字段'
 
	def pub_func(self):
		print(C.name)
 
	def pra_func(self):
		print(C._sname)
 
class D(C):
 
	def pub_show(self):
		print(C.name)
 
	def pra_show(self):
		print(C._sname)

>>> class Foo:
    """ 描述类信息，这是用于看片的神奇 """
 
    def func(self):
        pass
 
>>> Foo.__doc__
' 描述类信息，这是用于看片的神奇 

>>> class Foo:
    """ 描述类信息，这是用于看片的神奇 """
 
    def func(self):
        pass
>>> obj = Foo()
>>> obj.__module__
'__main__'
>>> obj.__class__
<class '__main__.Foo'>

>>> class Foo:
 
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.age = 18
 
        
>>> obj = Foo('test')
>>> obj.name
'test'

>>> class Foo:
 
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    
    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
        print('__call__')
 
        
>>> obj = Foo()
>>> obj()
__call__

>>> class Province:
 
    country = 'China'
 
    def __init__(self, name, count):
        self.name = name
        self.count = count
 
    def func(self, *args, **kwargs):
        print('func')
>>> print(Province.__dict__) # 获取类的成员，即：静态字段、方法
{'__module__': '__main__', 'country': 'China', '__init__': <function Province.__init__ at 0x0000000002F39820>, 'func': <function Province.func at 0x0000000002F398B0>, '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'Province' objects>, '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'Province' objects>, '__doc__': None}
>>> obj1 = Province('jiangxi',10000)
>>> print(obj1.__dict__) #获取 对象obj1 的成员
{'name': 'jiangxi', 'count': 10000}

>>> class Foo:
 
    def __str__(self):
        return 'test'
 
>>> obj = Foo()
>>> print(obj)
test

>>> class Foo(object):
 
    def __init__(self, sq):
        self.sq = sq
 
    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.sq)
>>> for i in obj:
	print(i)
11
22
33
44
>>>