python简单验证码识别的实现过程

pip install pillow
pip install pytesseract 

import pytesseract
from PIL import Image
image = Image.open("captcha.png")
print(pytesseract.image_to_string(image))

import pytesseract
from PIL import Image
image = Image.open("00.jpg")
print(pytesseract.image_to_string(image,lang='chi_sim'))

import pytesseract
from PIL import Image
file = r"00.jpg"

# 先对图像进行灰度化和 二值化
image = Image.open(file)
Img = image.convert('L')   # 灰度化
#自定义灰度界限，这里可以大于这个值为黑色，小于这个值为白色。threshold可根据实际情况进行调整(最大可为255)。
threshold = 180
table = []
for i in range(256):
    if i < threshold:
        table.append(0)
    else:
        table.append(1)
photo = Img.point(table, '1')  #图片二值化
#保存处理好的图片
photo.save('01.jpg')

image = Image.open('01.jpg')
# 解析图片，lang='chi_sim'表示识别简体中文，默认为English
# 如果是只识别数字，可再加上参数config='--psm 6 --oem 3 -c tessedit_char_whitelist=0123456789'
content = pytesseract.image_to_string(image, lang='chi_sim')
print(content)

import pytesseract
from PIL import Image
from selenium import webdriver


def save_captcha(path):
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()  # 创建浏览器对象
    driver.maximize_window()
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)
    driver.get(url=url)
    image = driver.find_element_by_id('imgCode')
    image.screenshot(path)
    return driver


def recognize_captcha(captcha_path):
    captcha = Image.open(captcha_path)  # 打开图片
    grap = captcha.convert('L')  # 对图片进行灰度化处理
    data = grap.load()  # 将图片对象加载成数据
    w, h = captcha.size  # 获取图片的大小(宽度,高度)
    # 图片二值化处理
    for x in range(w):
        for y in range(h):
            if data[x, y] < 140:
                data[x, y] = 0
            else:
                data[x, y] = 255
    code = pytesseract.image_to_string(grap)  # 对图片进行识别
    return code


def login(driver, code):
    flag = True
    email = '1242931802@qq.com' # 注册的古诗文网账号和密码
    password = 'xxxx'
    try:
        driver.find_element_by_id('email').send_keys(email)
        driver.find_element_by_id('pwd').send_keys(password)
        driver.find_element_by_id('code').send_keys(code)
        driver.implicitly_wait(10)
        driver.find_element_by_id('denglu').click()
    except Exception as ex:
        flag = False
    return flag


if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = 'https://so.gushiwen.org/user/login.aspx?from=http://so.gushiwen.org/user/collect.aspx'
    captcha_path = './captcha.png'
    count = 1
    driver = save_captcha(captcha_path)  # 获取驱动
    code = recognize_captcha(captcha_path)  # 获取验证码
    print('识别验证码为:', code)
    if login(driver, code):
        driver.quit()