Python 自动化常用操作及glob使用大全

for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(r'C:\\Program Files (x86)'):
    print(f'打开文件夹{dirpath}')  # 当前文件夹路径
    if dirnames:
        print(dirnames)  # 包含文件夹名称（列表形式）
    if filenames:
        print(filenames)  # 包含文件名称（列表形式）
    print('-' * 10)

# 输出结果：
打开文件夹C:\\Program Files (x86)
['360', 'BirdWallpaper', 'Common Files', 'erl5.9.3.1', 'InstallShield Installation Information', 'Intel', 'Internet Explorer', 'IQIYI Video', 'Java', 'Kingsoft', 'Microsoft Office', 'Microsoft.NET', 'MSBuild', 'NetSarang', 'NVIDIA Corporation', 'Reference Assemblies', 'Sangfor', 'Sinfor', 'SogouInput', 'svnfile', 'Tencent', 'UltraEdit', 'VMware', 'Windows Defender', 'Windows Mail', 'Windows Media Player', 'Windows Multimedia Platform', 'Windows NT', 'Windows Photo Viewer', 'Windows Portable Devices', 'Windows Sidebar', 'WindowsPowerShell', 'Youdao']
['desktop.ini', '微软常用运行库合集_2019.07.20_X64.exe']
----------
打开文件夹C:\\Program Files (x86)\360
['360bizhi', '360Safe', '360SD']

path = r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\doc\note.md'
print(os.path.isfile(path))  # True
path = 'xxx'
print(os.path.isfile(path))  # False

path = r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\doc\note.md'
print(os.path.basename(path))
print(path.split('\\')[-1])
# note.md

path = r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\doc\note.md'
print(path.split('\\')[-1])
# note.md

dirpath = 'xxx'
os.mkdir(dirpath)
# 这样会在该`py`文件同一目录下生成名为`xxx`的文件夹

dirpath = 'xxx'
if not os.path.exists(dirpath):
    os.mkdir(dirpath)

desktop_path = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), 'Desktop')
print(desktop_path)
# C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop

def get_desktop_path():
    return os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~"), 'Desktop')

os.rename('xxx', 'xxx2')  # 重命名文件夹
os.rename('test.txt', 'test2.txt')  # 重命名文件

path = '.'
for file in os.scandir(path):
    print(file.name, file.path)

# 输出结果:
aaa .\aaa
os模块.py .\os模块.py
test2.txt .\test2.txt
xxx2 .\xxx2
# 如果path是绝对路径，下边打印出来的也是绝对路径

path = r'F:\python\python-basic\tips\自动化常用操作'
for file in os.listdir(path):
    print(file)

# 输出结果：
aaa
os模块.py
test2.txt
xxx2

import shutil

# 把当前目录下的shutil_test.txt文件移动到当前目录的bbb文件夹下
shutil.move(r'.\shutil_test.txt', r'.\bbb/')

# 把当前目录下的shutil_test2.txt文件移动到当前目录bbb文件夹下，并重命名为shutil_test22.txt
shutil.move(r'.\shutil_test2.txt', r'.\bbb/shutil_test22.txt')

import glob

for file in glob.glob('**/*', recursive=True):
    print(file)

# 输出结果:
aaa
bbb
glob模块.py
os模块.py
shutil模块.py
test2.txt
xxx2
bbb\shutil_test.txt
bbb\shutil_test22.txt

for file in glob.glob('**/*', recursive=True):
    print(file)

# 输出结果：
aaa
bbb
glob模块.py
os模块.py
shutil模块.py
test2.txt
xxx2
bbb\shutil_test.txt
bbb\shutil_test22.txt
bbb\w
bbb\w\aaaa.txt
bbb\w\s
bbb\w\s\i.txt

for file in glob.glob('./bbb/*'):
    print(file)

# 输出结果：
./bbb\shutil_test.txt
./bbb\shutil_test22.txt
./bbb\w

for file in glob.glob('./bbb/**', recursive=True):
    print(file)

# 输出结果：
./bbb\
./bbb\shutil_test.txt
./bbb\shutil_test22.txt
./bbb\w
./bbb\w\aaaa.txt
./bbb\w\s
./bbb\w\s\i.txt

for file in glob.glob('./bbb' + '/*/*'):
    print(file)

# 输出结果：
./bbb\w\aaaa.txt
./bbb\w\s

import os

arm_path = glob.glob(os.path.join('./bbb', '*.txt'))
print(arm_path)
# 输出结果：
['./bbb\\shutil_test.txt', './bbb\\shutil_test22.txt']