Python面向对象编程之类的进阶

list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
list2 = list1
print(id(list1))  # 2044656837192
print(id(list2))  # 2044656837192
# 因为list1是类的实例化，list2引用的是list1，两个都是引用的最基础的object类，所以两个的结果是一样的

text1 = "一碗周"
text2 = text1
text3 = "一碗周"
text4 = "一碗"
text5 = "周"
text6 = text4 + text5
print(id(text1))  # 1616972638288
print(id(text2))  # 1616972638288
print(id(text3))  # 1616972638288
print(id(text4))  # 1616973621272
print(id(text5))  # 1616973578032
print(id(text6))  # 1616974246288

list1 = []
list2 = []
list3 = []
print(id(list1))  # 3204114440776
print(id(list2))  # 3204114440840
print(id(list3))  # 3204115873544

list1 = ["甜甜", [1, 2, 3]]
list2 = list1.copy()  # 使用copy方法复制
list3 = list1[:]  # 使用切片复制
list4 = list(list1)  # 使用生成列表方式复制
for ch in [list1, list2, list3, list4]:
    for i in ch:
        print(i, id(i),  "\t", end="")  # 打印列表的没一项和id
    print(ch, id(ch))  # 打印每个列表和id
    
'''
---输出结果---
一碗周 2905817180184   [1, 2, 3] 2905787490888   ['一碗周', [1, 2, 3]] 2905787490952
一碗周 2905817180184   [1, 2, 3] 2905787490888   ['一碗周', [1, 2, 3]] 2905817092488
一碗周 2905817180184   [1, 2, 3] 2905787490888   ['一碗周', [1, 2, 3]] 2905817137800
一碗周 2905817180184   [1, 2, 3] 2905787490888   ['一碗周', [1, 2, 3]] 2905817771656
'''

list1 = ["一碗周", [1, 2, 3]]
list2 = list1.copy()  # 使用copy方法复制
list3 = list1[:]  # 使用切片复制
list4 = list(list1)  # 使用生成列表方式复制
list4[1].append(4)
print(list1)
print(list2)
print(list3)
print(list4)
'''
--输出结果--
['一碗周', [1, 2, 3, 4]]
['一碗周', [1, 2, 3, 4]]
['一碗周', [1, 2, 3, 4]]
['一碗周', [1, 2, 3, 4]]
'''

import copy  # 导入库
list1 = ["一碗周", [1, 2, 3]]
list2 = copy.deepcopy(list1)  # 使用copy库的deepcopy方法复制
for ch in [list1, list2]:
    for i in ch:
        print(i, id(i),  "\t", end="")  # 打印列表的没一项和id
    print(ch, id(ch))  # 打印每个列表和id

'''
---输出结果---
一碗周 2190823984184   [1, 2, 3] 2190853845832   ['一碗周', [1, 2, 3]] 2190853766728
一碗周 2190823984184   [1, 2, 3] 2190853961544   ['一碗周', [1, 2, 3]] 2190853961480
'''

class TestClass:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    @property    # 将方法转换为属性
    def age(self):
        return self.__age

    @age.setter  # 为属性进行赋值操作
    def age(self, value):
        if value < 0 or value > 110:
            value = 19
        self.__age = value


tt = TestClass("一碗周")
bb = TestClass("一碗粥")
tt.age = 18
bb.age = -19
print(tt.age)  # 18
print(bb.age)  # 19

class TestClass:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self._name = name  # 约定在内部使用


tt = TestClass("一碗周")
print(tt._name)  # 一碗周

class TestClass:
    pass


a = TestClass
a.text = "一碗周"
print(a.text)  # 一碗周
# 可以动态增加属性来达到存储信息的目的