python基本数据类型练习题

num = 100
print('%d to hex is %x' % (num,num))
print('%d to hex is %X' % (num,num))
print('%d to hex is %#x' % (num,num))
print('%d to hex is %#X' % (num,num))

from math import pi
print('value of Pi is: %.4f' % pi)

students = [{'name':'zhangsan','age':20},
           {'name': 'lisi', 'age': 19},
           {'name': 'wangwu', 'age': 19}]
print('name: %10s, age: %10d' % (students[0]['name'],students[0]['age']))
print('name: %-10s, age: %-10d' % (students[1]['name'],students[1]['age']))
print('name: %10s, age: %10d' % (students[2]['name'],students[2]['age']))

for student in students:
    print('%(name)s is %(age)d years old' % student)

import string
#ascii_letters = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
#ascii_lowercase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
#ascii_uppercase = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
def kaisa(s, k):
    lower = string.ascii_lowercase
    upper = string.ascii_uppercase
    before = string.ascii_letters
    after = lower[k:] + lower[:k] + upper[k:] + upper[:k]
    table = ''.maketrans(before,after)
    return s.translate(table)
s = 'Python is a great programming language. I like it!'
print(kaisa(s,3))

films = {'肖申克的救赎':9.7, '摔跤吧！爸爸':9.0,
         '阿甘正传':9.5,'我和我的祖国':8.0,
         '哪吒之魔童降世':8.5, '千与千寻':9.3,
         '疯狂动物城':9.2,'攀登者':6.5}
print(films)

films_new = {'中国机长':7.0,'银河补习班':6.2}
films.update(films_new) #字典中元素的插入 dict.update()函数
print("所有影片名称: ", films.keys())

import random
code1 = []   #存储校验码列表
code2 = []
t = 0   #标志出现重复校验码个数
dict={}
#第一组校验码
for i in range(10000):
    x = ''
    for j in range(6):
        x = x + str(random.randint(0, 9))
    code1.append(x)   # 生成的数字校验码追加到列表
#第二组校验码
for i in range(10000):
    x = ''
    for j in range(6):
        x = x + str(random.randint(0, 9))
    code2.append(x)   # 生成的数字校验码追加到列表
#找重复
for i in range(len(code1)):
    for j in range(len(code2)):   # 对code1和code2所有校验码遍历
        if (code1[i] == code2[j]):
            t = t+1    #如果存在相同的，则t+1
    if t > 0:
        dict[code1[i]] = t  # 如果重复次数大于0，用t表示其个数，存储在字典
#输出所有重复的校验码及其个数
for key in dict:
    print(key + ":" + str(dict[key]))

#去空格，转化为list，然后再转化为字典
str =  'Life is short, we need Python.'
list = []
list2 = []
dict={}
i= 0
for w in str:
    if w!=' ':
        list.append(w)
#将str字符串的空格去掉放在list列表
for w in list:
    c = list.count(w)   #用count()函数返回当前字符的个数
    dict[w] = c   #针对字符w，用c表示其个数，存储在字典
print(dict)   #输出字典

test0  = 'It is better to live a beautiful life with all one''s ' \
         'strength than to comfort oneself with ordinary and precious things!.'
test1 = test0.replace(',','').replace('.','')  #用空格代替句子中“,”的空格和“。”
test2 = test1.split ()   #将英文句子中的单词分离出来存入列表
maxlen = max(len(word) for word in test2)   #找到最大长度的单词长度值
C=[word for word in test2 if len(word)== maxlen]  #找到最大长度的单词对应单词
print("最长的单词是：“{}” , 里面有 {} 个字母".format(C[0],maxlen))