详解OpenCV自适应直方图均衡化的应用

# 加载图像
image = cv2.imread('example.png')
gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# 灰度图像应用 CLAHE
clahe = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=2.0)
gray_image_clahe = clahe.apply(gray_image)
# 使用不同 clipLimit 值
clahe.setClipLimit(5.0)
gray_image_clahe_2 = clahe.apply(gray_image)
clahe.setClipLimit(10.0)
gray_image_clahe_3 = clahe.apply(gray_image)
clahe.setClipLimit(20.0)
gray_image_clahe_4 = clahe.apply(gray_image)

def equalize_clahe_color_hsv(img):
    cla = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=4.0)
    H, S, V = cv2.split(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV))
    eq_V = cla.apply(V)
    eq_image = cv2.cvtColor(cv2.merge([H, S, eq_V]), cv2.COLOR_HSV2BGR)
    return eq_image

def equalize_clahe_color_lab(img):
    cla = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=4.0)
    L, a, b = cv2.split(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2Lab))
    eq_L = cla.apply(L)
    eq_image = cv2.cvtColor(cv2.merge([eq_L, a, b]), cv2.COLOR_Lab2BGR)
    return eq_image

def equalize_clahe_color_yuv(img):
    cla = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=4.0)
    Y, U, V = cv2.split(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2YUV))
    eq_Y = cla.apply(Y)
    eq_image = cv2.cvtColor(cv2.merge([eq_Y, U, V]), cv2.COLOR_YUV2BGR)
    return eq_image

def equalize_clahe_color(img):
    cla = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=4.0)
    channels = cv2.split(img)
    eq_channels = []
    for ch in channels:
        eq_channels.append(cla.apply(ch))
    eq_image = cv2.merge(eq_channels)
    return eq_image
# 彩色图像应用 CLAHE
image_clahe_color = equalize_clahe_color(image)
image_clahe_color_lab = equalize_clahe_color_lab(image)
image_clahe_color_hsv = equalize_clahe_color_hsv(image)
image_clahe_color_yuv = equalize_clahe_color_yuv(image)

# 可视化
show_img_with_matplotlib(cv2.cvtColor(gray_image, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR), "gray", 1)
show_img_with_matplotlib(cv2.cvtColor(gray_image_clahe, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR), "gray CLAHE clipLimit=2.0", 2)
show_img_with_matplotlib(cv2.cvtColor(gray_image_clahe_2, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR), "gray CLAHE clipLimit=5.0", 3)
# 其他图像的可视化方法类似，不再赘述
# ...

image = cv2.imread('example.png')
gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

hist = cv2.calcHist([gray_image], [0], None, [256], [0, 256])
# 直方图均衡化
gray_image_eq = cv2.equalizeHist(gray_image)
# 计算直方图
hist_eq = cv2.calcHist([gray_image_eq], [0], None, [256], [0, 256])
# 创建 clahe:
clahe = cv2.createCLAHE(clipLimit=4.0)
# 在灰度图像上应用 clahe
gray_image_clahe = clahe.apply(gray_image)
# 计算直方图
hist_clahe = cv2.calcHist([gray_image_clahe], [0], None, [256], [0, 256])