Selenium 三种等待方式(强制等待、隐式等待、显示等待)

from time import sleep
sleep(3)  # 强制等待3秒

# 隐式等待10s
driver.implicitly_wait(10) 

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# 示例
target = EC.visibility_of_element_located(By.ID,'user')
 
# 配合until()使用（等待元素可见）
# 5表示 最长超时时间，默认以秒为单位； 1表示检测的间隔步长，在等待期间，每隔一定时间(默认0.5秒)，调用until或until_not里的方法，直到它返回True或False.
WebDriverWait(driver, 5, 1).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(By.ID,'user'))
# 配合until_not()使用（等待元素不可见）
WebDriverWait(driver, 5, 1).until_not(EC.visibility_of_element_located(By.ID,'user'))
 
# 在类中封装为一个函数
    def wait_eleLocated(self, loc, timeout=30, poll_frequency=0.5, model=None):
        """
        :param loc:元素定位表达;元组类型,表达方式(元素定位类型,元素定位方法)，示例：(By.ID, "kw")
        :param timeout:超时时间
        :param poll_frequency:轮询频率
        :param model:等待失败时,截图操作,图片文件中需要表达的功能标注
        :return:None
        """
        self.logger.info(f'等待"{model}"元素,定位方式:{loc}')
        try:
            start = datetime.now()
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout, poll_frequency).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc))
            end = datetime.now()
            self.logger.info(f'等待"{model}"时长:{end - start}')
        except TimeoutException:
            self.logger.exception(f'等待"{model}"元素失败,定位方式:{loc}')
            # 截图
            self.save_webImgs(f"等待元素[{model}]出现异常")
            raise

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
 
target = EC.presence_of_element_located(By.ID,'user')

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
 
target = EC.element_to_be_clickable(By.ID,'user')

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
 
element = driver.find_element_by_class_name('selector')
EC.element_to_be_selected(element)