Python中Matplotlib的点、线形状、颜色以及绘制散点图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
help(plt.plot)

plt.plot(x, y, marker='+', color='coral')

matplotlib.pyplot.scatter(x, y, s=None, c=None, marker=None, cmap=None, norm=None, vmin=None, vmax=None, alpha=None, linewidths=None, verts=None, edgecolors=None, hold=None, data=None, **kwargs)
 
x,y组成了散点的坐标；s为散点的面积；c为散点的颜色（默认为蓝色'b'）；marker为散点的标记；alpha为散点的透明度（0与1之间的数，0为完全透明，1为完全不透明）;linewidths为散点边缘的线宽；如果marker为None，则使用verts的值构建散点标记；edgecolors为散点边缘颜色。

import matplotlib 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 保证图片在浏览器内正常显示
%matplotlib inline
 
# 10个点
N = 10
x = np.random.rand(N)
y = np.random.rand(N)
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.show()

N = 10
x = np.random.rand(N)
y = np.random.rand(N)
area = np.random.rand(N) * 1000  # 包含10个均匀分布的随机值的面积数组，大小[0, 1000]
fig = plt.figure()
ax = plt.subplot()
ax.scatter(x, y, s=area, alpha=0.5)  # 绘制散点图，面积随机
plt.show()

N = 10
x = np.random.rand(N)
y = np.random.rand(N)
x2 = np.random.rand(N)
y2 = np.random.rand(N)
area = np.random.rand(N) * 1000
fig = plt.figure()
ax = plt.subplot()
ax.scatter(x, y, s=area, alpha=0.5)
ax.scatter(x2, y2, s=area, c='green', alpha=0.6)  # 改变颜色
plt.show()

N = 10
x = np.random.rand(N)
y = np.random.rand(N)
x2 = np.random.rand(N)
y2 = np.random.rand(N)
x3 = np.random.rand(N)
y3 = np.random.rand(N)
area = np.random.rand(N) * 1000
fig = plt.figure()
ax = plt.subplot()
ax.scatter(x, y, s=area, alpha=0.5)
ax.scatter(x2, y2, s=area, c='green', alpha=0.6)
ax.scatter(x3, y3, s=area, c=area, marker='v', cmap='Reds', alpha=0.7)  # 更换标记样式，另一种颜色的样式
plt.show()