使用Golang搭建web服务的实现步骤

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/test", doRequest)      //   设置访问路由
    err := http.ListenAndServe(":8000", nil) //设置监听的端口
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
    }
}

func doRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    r.ParseForm()       //解析url传递的参数，对于POST则解析响应包的主体（request body）
    //fmt.Println(r.Form) //这些信息是输出到服务器端的打印信息
    //fmt.Println("path", r.URL.Path)
    //fmt.Println("scheme", r.URL.Scheme)
    //for k, v := range r.Form {
    //    fmt.Println("key:", k)
    //    fmt.Println("value:", strings.Join(v, ""))
    //}
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "service start...") //这个写入到w的是输出到客户端的 也可以用下面的 io.WriteString对象

    //注意:如果没有调用ParseForm方法，下面无法获取表单的数据
    //query := r.URL.Query()
    var uid string // 初始化定义变量
    if r.Method == "GET" {
        uid = r.FormValue("uid")
    } else if r.Method == "POST" {
        uid = r.PostFormValue("uid")
    }
    io.WriteString(w, "uid = "+uid)
}

func main() {
    mux := http.NewServeMux()
    mux.HandleFunc("/test", doRequest)
    err :=  http.ListenAndServe(":8000", mux) //设置监听的端口
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
    }
}

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

var mux map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)

func main() {
    server := http.Server{
        Addr:    ":8000",
        Handler: &doHandler{},
    }

    mux = make(map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request))
    mux["/test"] = doRequest

    err := server.ListenAndServe()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
    }
}

type doHandler struct{}

func (*doHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if res, ok := mux[r.URL.String()]; ok {
        res(w, r)
        return
    }

    io.WriteString(w, "url params: "+r.URL.String())
}
func doRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    r.ParseForm()                      //解析url传递的参数，对于POST则解析响应包的主体（request body）
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "service start...") //这个写入到w的是输出到客户端的 也可以用下面的 io.WriteString对象
}