python标准库ElementTree处理xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank>1</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank>4</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank>68</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>

from xml.etree.ElementTree 
data = ElementTree.ElementTree(file='country_data.xml')
country_list = data.findall('country')   #找到所有名为‘country'的tag，返回一个Element对象列表。
for country in country_list:
    name = country.attrib.get('name', '') 
    print name, ' ', 
    for item in country:
        if item.tag == 'neighbor':
            name = item.attrib.get('name', '') 
            direction = item.attrib.get('direction', '') 
            print '{0} ({1})'.format(name, direction), ' ',
        else:
            print item.text, ' ',
    print ''

<?xml version="1.0"?>

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
ET.parse('bad.xml')

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<note>
</Note>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<note id=hello>
</note>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<note id="hello">
if salary < 1000 then
</note