python中Requests请求的安装与常见用法

$ pip install requests
$ easy_install requests

url = "http://www.search:9001/search/"
param = {"key":"你好"}
res = requests.get(url=url, params=params)

headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'} #必须有
url = "http://www.search:9001/search/"
data= {"key":"你好"}
cookies = {"uid"："1"}
res = requests.post(url=url, headers=headers, data=data, cookies=cookies)

url = "http://www.search:9001/search/"
data= {"key":"你好"}

res = requests.post(url=url, headers=headers)

def post_file_request(url, file_path):
    if os.path.exists(file_path):
        if url not in [None, ""]:
            if url.startswith("http") or url.startswith("https"):
                files = {'file': open(file_path, 'rb')}
                res = requests.post(url, files=files, data=data)
                return {"code": 0, "res": res}
            else:
                return {"code": 1, "res": "url格式不正确"}
        else:
            return {"code": 1, "res": "url不能为空"}
    else:
        return {"code": 1, "res": "文件路径不存在"}

 @staticmethod
    def get_response_text(response):
        if response not in [None, ""]:
            if isinstance(response, requests.models.Response):
                return {"code": 0, "res": response.text.encode('utf-8').decode('unicode_escape')}  #这种方式可以将url编码转成中文，返回响应文本
            else:
                return {"code": 1, "res": "response不合法"}
        else:
            return {"code": 1, "res": "response对像不能为空"}
 
    @staticmethod
    def get_response_status_code(response):
        if response not in [None, ""]:
            if isinstance(response, requests.models.Response):
                return {"code": 0, "res": response.status_code} #返回响应状态吗
            else:
                return {"code": 1, "res": "response不合法"}
        else:
            return {"code": 1, "res": "response对像不能为空"}
 
    @staticmethod
    def get_response_cookies(response):
        if response not in [None, ""]:
            if isinstance(response, requests.models.Response):
                return {"code": 0, "res": response.cookies} #返回cookies
            else:
                return {"code": 1, "res": "response不合法"}
        else:
            return {"code": 1, "res": "response对像不能为空"}
 
    @staticmethod
    def get_response_headers(response):
        if response not in [None, ""]:
            if isinstance(response, requests.models.Response):
                return {"code": 0, "res": response.headers} #返回headers
            else:
                return {"code": 1, "res": "response不合法"}
        else:
            return {"code": 1, "res": "response对像不能为空"}
 
    @staticmethod
    def get_response_encoding(response):
        if response not in [None, ""]:
            if isinstance(response, requests.models.Response):
                return {"code": 0, "res": response.encoding} #返回编码格式
            else:
                return {"code": 1, "res": "response不合法"}
        else:
            return {"code": 1, "res": "response对像不能为空"}

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#获取cookie
import requests
import json

url = "https://www.baidu.com/"
r = requests.get(url)

#将RequestsCookieJar转换成字典
c = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(r.cookies)
print(r.cookies)
print(c)

for a in r.cookies:
    print(a.name,a.value)

>> 控制台输出：
<RequestsCookieJar[<Cookie BDORZ=27315 for .baidu.com/>]>
{'BDORZ': '27315'}
BDORZ 27315

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#发送cookie到服务器
import requests
import json

host = "*****"
endpoint = "cookies"

url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
#方法一：简单发送
# cookies = {"aaa":"bbb"}
# r = requests.get(url,cookies=cookies)
# print r.text

#方法二：复杂发送
s = requests.session()
c = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
c.set('c-name','c-value',path='/xxx/uuu',domain='.test.com')
s.cookies.update(c)