Python中切片的详细操作篇

>> a = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>>> a[0] ##单个数,代表位数,第0位就是a里面的第一位
1
>>> a[5]##a里面的第5位,注意要从0作为第一位开始数
6

>>> b=[6,3,6,7,8,2,5,4]
>>> b[:] ##单独一个冒号,代表从头取到尾,步长默认为1
[6, 3, 6, 7, 8, 2, 5, 4]
>>> b[::]##单独两个冒号一样代表从头取到尾,步长默认为1
[6, 3, 6, 7, 8, 2, 5, 4]
>>> b[::-1]##注意,两个冒号后面是步长,步长为1,故应从右往左取
[4, 5, 2, 8, 7, 6, 3, 6]

>>> a 
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 
>>> a[1:6] ##默认步长为1,从左往右,注意前闭后开
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 
>>> a[1:6:-1] 
[] ## 当取值的大小方向与步长的方向冲突时,返回值是空.
>>> a[6:1:-1] 
[6, 5, 4, 3, 2] 
>>> a[:6] ## 没有star代表从头开始取
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 
>>> a[:6:-1] 
[9, 8, 7] 
>>> a[6:] 
[6, 7, 8, 9] 
>>> a[6::-1] 
[6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0] 

>>> a 
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 
>>> a[:-6] ## -6意思是从右往左数的第六位,故第六位是4,然后默认步长为1(从右往左),star未写,故从头开始取到4
[0, 1, 2, 3] 
>>> a[-1:-6] 
[]
>>> a[-1:-6:-1] 
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5] 
>>> a[-6:-1] ## 这个是从-6取到-1,步长为1,意思是从右往左数第6位到从右往左的第一位
[4, 5, 6, 7, 8] 
>>> a[:-6:-1] ## 这个是从0取到-6,步长为-1,因为开头是冒号,故起点被隐藏了
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5] 
>>> a[-6:] 
[4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 
>>> a[-6::-1] ## 注意这个不等于[-6:-1],区别是这里是::(两个冒号),两个冒号后连接的是步长
[4, 3, 2, 1, 0]

>>> a 
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 
>>> a[1:-6] 
[1, 2, 3] 
>>> a[1:-6:-1] 
[]
>>> a[-1:6] 
[]
>>> a[-1:6:-1] 
[9, 8, 7] 

>>> a 
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 
>>> a[:8][2:5][-1:] ## [:8]就是0取到8,在从其中取2到5,最后取-1位
[4] 
a[:8] ---- [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 
[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7][2:5]----[2,3,4] 
[2,3,4][-1:] ----[4] 

>>> a 
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 
>>> a[1+2:2*3:7%2]  ## 思路一样,运算出来,继续切
[3, 4, 5] 

>>> t = (1,2,3,4,5) 
>>> t[1:3] 
(2, 3) 
>>> s = "ACDRF" ##切片在字母上也是可以使用的,所以说切片很强大
>>> s[1:3] 
'CD' 
>>> (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)[:3]#元组的切片操作
>>> (0, 1, 2)
>>> for i in range(0,100): 
... print(i) 
... 
>>> for i in range(0,100)[2::3][-10:]: ## 意思是从第二位开始取,步长为3,[-10]则是从倒数10位开始取,意思是去末尾10位.
... print(i) 
... 
71
74
77
80
83
86
89
92
95
98

 >>> a
 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
 >>> a[0:6:2]
 [0, 2, 4]
 >>> a[::2]
 [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]
 >>> a[:-2:2]
 [0, 2, 4, 6]
 >>> a[4::2]
 [4, 6, 8]

 >>> a
 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
 >>> a[5::-1]
 [5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
 >>> a[:4:-2]
 [9, 7, 5]
 >>> a[::-1]
 [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]