Python中String模块示例详解

whitespace -- a string containing all ASCII whitespace
ascii_lowercase -- a string containing all ASCII lowercase letters
ascii_uppercase -- a string containing all ASCII uppercase letters
ascii_letters -- a string containing all ASCII letters
digits -- a string containing all ASCII decimal digits
hexdigits -- a string containing all ASCII hexadecimal digits
octdigits -- a string containing all ASCII octal digits
punctuation -- a string containing all ASCII punctuation characters
printable -- a string containing all ASCII characters considered printable

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Dec 18 18:58:35 2022

@author: Steve Anthony
"""
import string
print(string.whitespace)  # 包含所有的空格
print(string.ascii_lowercase)  # 包含所有的小写字母
print(string.ascii_uppercase)  # 包含所有的大写字母
print(string.ascii_letters)  # 包含ASCII中的所有字母
print(string.digits)  # 包含所有的数字字符串
print(string.hexdigits)  # 包含所有的十六进制字符字符串
print(string.octdigits)  # 包含所有的八进制字符字符串
print(string.punctuation)  # 包含所有的标点符号字符串
print(string.printable)  # 包含所有可打印的ASCII字符字符串

print('{0}, {1}, {2}'.format('a', 'b', 'c'))
print('{}, {}, {}'.format('a', 'b', 'c'))  # 3.1+ only
print('{2}, {1}, {0}'.format('a', 'b', 'c'))  
print('Coordinates: {latitude}, {longitude}'.format(latitude='37.24N', longitude='-115.81W'))

>>> '{:<30}'.format('left aligned')  # 向右对齐，保留30个字符，如果字符不够使用空格填充
'left aligned                  '
>>> '{:>30}'.format('right aligned')  # 向左对齐，保留30个字符，如果字符不够使用空格填充
'                 right aligned'
>>> '{:^30}'.format('centered')  # 居中对齐，保留30个字符，如果字符不够使用空格填充
'           centered           '
>>> '{:*^30}'.format('centered')  # use '*' as a fill char
'***********centered***********'


>>> '{:+f}; {:+f}'.format(3.14, -3.14)  # show it always
'+3.140000; -3.140000'
>>> '{: f}; {: f}'.format(3.14, -3.14)  # show a space for positive numbers
' 3.140000; -3.140000'
>>> '{:-f}; {:-f}'.format(3.14, -3.14)  # show only the minus -- same as '{:f}; {:f}'
'3.140000; -3.140000'

>>> # format also supports binary numbers
>>> "int: {0:d};  hex: {0:x};  oct: {0:o};  bin: {0:b}".format(42)
'int: 42;  hex: 2a;  oct: 52;  bin: 101010'
>>> # with 0x, 0o, or 0b as prefix:
>>> "int: {0:d};  hex: {0:#x};  oct: {0:#o};  bin: {0:#b}".format(42)
'int: 42;  hex: 0x2a;  oct: 0o52;  bin: 0b101010'
>>> 'Correct answers: {:.2%}'.format(19/22)  # 保留两位小数
'Correct answers: 86.36%'

import datetime
d = datetime.datetime(2010, 7, 4, 12, 15, 58)
print('{:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}'.format(d))

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Dec 18 18:58:35 2022

@author: Steve Anthony
"""
from string import Template

s = Template('$who的年龄为：${age}')
print(s.safe_substitute({"who": "李华", "age": 13}))  # safe_*这个函数如果没有给字符串里面的所有变量赋值不会报错
print(s.safe_substitute(**{"who": "李华"}))
print(s.substitute(**{"who": "李华", "age": 13}))  # 但是这个函数，必须要给字符串里面所有定义的变量都赋值，否则会报错
print(s.substitute({"who": "李华"}))

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sun Dec 18 18:58:35 2022

@author: Steve Anthony
"""
import string

a = string.capwords("*hello python! my nAmE iS")
print(a)