Python小知识之几种推导式用法示例

>>> names = ['Bob','Tom','alice','Jerry','Wendy','Smith']
>>> new_names = [name.upper()for name in names if len(name)>3]
>>> print(new_names)
['ALICE', 'JERRY', 'WENDY', 'SMITH']

>>> multiples = [i for i in range(30) if i % 3 == 0]
>>> print(multiples)
[0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27]

{ key_expr: value_expr for value in collection }
或
{ key_expr: value_expr for value in collection if condition }

listdemo = ['Google','Lizexiong', 'Taobao']
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# 将列表中各字符串值为键，各字符串的长度为值，组成键值对
>>> newdict = {key:len(key) for key in listdemo}
>>> newdict
{'Google': 6, 'Lizexiong': 6, 'Taobao': 6}

>>> dic = {x: x**2 for x in (2, 4, 6)}
>>> dic
{2: 4, 4: 16, 6: 36}
>>> type(dic)
<class 'dict'>

{ expression for item in Sequence }
或
{ expression for item in Sequence if conditional }

>>> setnew = {i**2 for i in (1,2,3)}
>>> setnew
{1, 4, 9}

>>> a = {x for x in 'abracadabra' if x not in 'abc'}
>>> a
{'d', 'r'}
>>> type(a)
<class 'set'>

(expression for item in Sequence )
或
(expression for item in Sequence if conditional )

>>> a = (x for x in range(1,10))
>>> a
<generator object <genexpr> at 0x7faf6ee20a50>  # 返回的是生成器对象

>>> tuple(a)       # 使用 tuple() 函数，可以直接将生成器对象转换成元组
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)