Python学习之shell脚本的使用详解

pip install sh

# get interface information
import sh
print sh.ifconfig("eth0")

from sh import ifconfig
print ifconfig("eth0")

# print the contents of this directory
print ls("-l")

# substitute the dash for an underscore for commands that have dashes in their names
sh.google_chrome("http://google.com")

# 子命令
>>> from sh import git, sudo
>>> print(git.branch("-v"))
>>> print(git("branch", "-v"))
>>> print(sudo.ls("/root"))
>>> print(sudo("/bin/ls", "/root"))

# with 环境
>>> with sh.contrib.sudo(_with=True):
        print(ls("/root"))
# _with=True 关键字告诉命令它正处于 with 环境中, 以便可以正确地运行.

#将多个参数传递给命令时，每个参数必须是一个单独的字符串：

from sh import tar
tar("cvf", "/tmp/test.tar", "/my/home/directory/")
# 这将不起作用：

from sh import tar
tar("cvf /tmp/test.tar /my/home/directory")

from sh import git

# resolves to "git branch -v"
print(git.branch("-v"))

print(git("branch", "-v")) # the same command

# Resolves to "curl http://duckduckgo.com/ -o page.html --silent"
sh.curl("http://duckduckgo.com/", o="page.html", silent=True)

# If you prefer not to use keyword arguments, this does the same thing
sh.curl("http://duckduckgo.com/", "-o", "page.html", "--silent")

# Resolves to "adduser amoffat --system --shell=/bin/bash --no-create-home"
sh.adduser("amoffat", system=True, shell="/bin/bash", no_create_home=True)

# or
sh.adduser("amoffat", "--system", "--shell", "/bin/bash", "--no-create-home")

print sh.which("python")     # "/usr/bin/python"
print sh.which("ls")         # "/bin/ls"

if not sh.which("supervisorctl"): sh.apt_get("install", "supervisor", "-y")

# The idea here is that now every call to ls will have the “-la” arguments already specified.
from sh import ls

ls = ls.bake("-la")
print(ls) # "/usr/bin/ls -la"

# resolves to "ls -la /"
print(ls("/"))

# Without baking, calling uptime on a server would be a lot to type out:
serverX = ssh("myserver.com", "-p 1393", "whoami")

# To bake the common parameters into the ssh command
myserver = sh.ssh.bake("myserver.com", p=1393)

print(myserver) # "/usr/bin/ssh myserver.com -p 1393"

# resolves to "/usr/bin/ssh myserver.com -p 1393 tail /var/log/dumb_daemon.log -n 100"
print(myserver.tail("/var/log/dumb_daemon.log", n=100))

# check the uptime
print myserver.uptime()
 15:09:03 up 61 days, 22:56,  0 users,  load average: 0.12, 0.13, 0.05