Python调用C/C++动态链接库的方法详解

//hello.h
#ifdef EXPORT_HELLO_DLL
#define HELLO_API __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define HELLO_API __declspec(dllimport)
#endif
extern "C"
{
 HELLO_API int IntAdd(int , int);
}

//hello.cpp
#define EXPORT_HELLO_DLL
#include "hello.h"
HELLO_API int IntAdd(int a, int b)
{
 return a + b;
}

from ctypes import *
dll = cdll.LoadLibrary('hello.dll');
ret = dll.IntAdd(2, 4);
print ret;

//hello.h
#ifdef EXPORT_HELLO_DLL
#define HELLO_API __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define HELLO_API __declspec(dllimport)
#endif

#define ARRAY_NUMBER 20
#define STR_LEN 20

struct StructTest
{
 int number;
 char* pChar;
 char str[STR_LEN];
 int iArray[ARRAY_NUMBER];
};

extern "C"
{
 //HELLO_API int IntAdd(int , int);
 HELLO_API char* GetStructInfo(struct StructTest* pStruct);
}

//hello.cpp
#include <string.h>
#define EXPORT_HELLO_DLL
#include "hello.h"

HELLO_API char* GetStructInfo(struct StructTest* pStruct)
{
 for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_NUMBER; i++)
 pStruct->iArray[i] = i;
 pStruct->pChar = "hello python!";
 strcpy (pStruct->str, "hello world!");
 pStruct->number = 100;
 return "just OK";
}

from ctypes import *
ARRAY_NUMBER = 20;
STR_LEN = 20;
#define type
INTARRAY20 = c_int * ARRAY_NUMBER;
CHARARRAY20 = c_char * STR_LEN;
#define struct
class StructTest(Structure):
  _fields_ = [
    ("number", c_int),
    ("pChar", c_char_p),
    ("str", CHARARRAY20),
    ("iArray", INTARRAY20)
        ]
#load dll and get the function object
dll = cdll.LoadLibrary('hello.dll');
GetStructInfo = dll.GetStructInfo;
#set the return type
GetStructInfo.restype = c_char_p;
#set the argtypes
GetStructInfo.argtypes = [POINTER(StructTest)];
objectStruct = StructTest();
#invoke api GetStructInfo
retStr = GetStructInfo(byref(objectStruct));
#check result
print "number: ", objectStruct.number;
print "pChar: ", objectStruct.pChar;
print "str: ", objectStruct.str;
for i,val in enumerate(objectStruct.iArray):
  print 'Array[i]: ', val;
print retStr;