python中函数传参详解

 def calc(*numbers):
   sum = 0
   for n in numbers:
     sum = sum + n * n
   return sum

calc(1, 2, 3, 4)
30 #函数返回值

nums = [1, 2, 3]
calc(*nums) # 通过 * 将list中的元素作为可变参数传入函数
14 # 函数返回值

>>> def person(name, age, **kw):
...   print('name: ', name, 'age: ', age, 'other: ', kw)
... 
>>> 
>>> person('luhc', 24, city='Guangzhou')
name: luhc age: 24 other: {'city': 'Guangzhou'}

>>> info = {'city': 'Guangzhou', 'job': 'engineer'}
>>> 
>>> person('luhc', 24, **info)
name: luhc age: 24 other: {'city': 'Guangzhou', 'job': 'engineer'}

# 通过 * 分割，以指定关键字参数名
>>> def person(name, age, *, city, job):
...   print('name: ', name, 'age: ', age, 'city: ', city, 'job: ', job)
... 
>>> 
>>> person('luhc', 24, city='Guangzhou', job='engineer')
name: luhc age: 24 city: Guangzhou job: engineer

# 如果传入参数中，存在参数名不在定义的范围内，将抛出异常
>>> person('luhc', 24, city='Guangzhou', jobs='engineer')
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: person() got an unexpected keyword argument 'jobs'
>>>

# 省略了用 * 作为分割，指定关键字参数名
>>> def person(name, age, *args, city, job):
...   print('name: ', name, 'age: ', age, 'args: ', args, 'city: ', city, 'job: ', job)  
... 
>>> 
>>> person('luhc', 24, 'a', 'b', city='Guangz', job='engineer')
name: luhc age: 24 args: ('a', 'b') city: Guangz job: engineer
>>> 
# 同样，如果传入了关键字参数未指定的参数名，则抛出异常
>>> person('luhc', 24, 'a', 'b', city='Guangz', job='engineer', test='a')
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: person() got an unexpected keyword argument 'test'
>>>

def f1(a, b, c=0, *args, **kw):
  print('a =', a, 'b =', b, 'c =', c, 'args =', args, 'kw =', kw)

def f2(a, b, c=0, *, d, **kw):
  print('a =', a, 'b =', b, 'c =', c, 'd =', d, 'kw =', kw)