利用Python实现命令行版的火车票查看器

$ tickets from to date

$ tickets [-gdtkz] from to date

$ virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3 venv

$ . venv/bin/activate

$ pip3 install docopt

# coding: utf-8

"""Train tickets query via command-line.

Usage:
  tickets [-gdtkz] <from> <to> <date>

Options: 
  -h,--help    显示帮助菜单
  -g        高铁
  -d        动车
  -t        特快
  -k        快速
  -z        直达

Example:
  tickets 南京 北京 2016-07-01
  tickets -dg 南京 北京 2016-07-01
"""
from docopt import docopt

def cli():
  """command-line interface""" 
  arguments = docopt(__doc__)
  print(arguments)

if __name__ == '__main__': 
  cli()

$ python3 tickets.py 上海 北京 2016-07-01

{‘-d': False, ‘-g': False, ‘-k': False, ‘-t': False, ‘-z': False, ‘<date>': ‘2016-07-01', ‘<from>': ‘上海', ‘<to>': ‘北京'}

https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/lcxxcx/query?purpose_codes=ADULT&queryDate=2016-07-01&from_station=SHH&to_station=BJP

# coding: utf-8
import re
from pprint import pprint

with open('stations.html', 'r') as f:
  text = f.read()
  stations = re.findall(u'([\u4e00-\u9fa5]+)\|([A-Z]+)', text)
  pprint(dict(stations), indent=4)

$ python3 parse.py > stations.py

stations = {  
  '一间堡': 'YJT',
  '一面坡': 'YPB',
   ... 
  '龙镇': 'LZA',
  '龙骨甸': 'LGM'
}

...
from stations import stations

def cli():
  arguments = docopt(__doc__)
  from_staion = stations.get(arguments['<from>'])
  to_station = stations.get(arguments['<to>'])
  date = arguments['<date>']
  # 构建URL
  url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/lcxxcx/query?purpose_codes=ADULT&queryDate={}&from_station={}&to_station={}'.format(
    date, from_staion, to_station
)

$ pip3 install requests

...
import requests

def cli():
  ...
  # 添加verify=False参数, 不验证证书
  r = requests.get(url, verify=False)
  print(r.json())

def cli():
  ...
  r = requsets.get(url);
  rows = r.json()['data']['datas']

$ pip3 install prettytable

...
from prettytable import PrettyTable

def cli():
  ...
  headers = '车次 车站 时间 历时 商务 一等 二等 软卧 硬卧 软座 硬座 无座'.split()
  pt = PrettyTable()
  pt._set_field_names(headers)
  for row in rows:
  # 从row中根据headers过滤信息, 然后调用pt.add_row()添加到表中
    ...
  print(pt)