node.js内置模块之crypto 模块及作用详解

const hash = crypto.createHash('sha256');
hash.update('Hello, world!');
const result = hash.digest('hex');
console.log(result);  // 输出 SHA-256 哈希值

const algorithm = 'aes-256-cbc';
const key = crypto.randomBytes(32);  // 32 字节的密钥
const iv = crypto.randomBytes(16);   // 16 字节的初始化向量
// 加密
const cipher = crypto.createCipheriv(algorithm, key, iv);
let encrypted = cipher.update('Hello, world!', 'utf8', 'hex');
encrypted += cipher.final('hex');
console.log('Encrypted:', encrypted);
// 解密
const decipher = crypto.createDecipheriv(algorithm, key, iv);
let decrypted = decipher.update(encrypted, 'hex', 'utf8');
decrypted += decipher.final('utf8');
console.log('Decrypted:', decrypted);

const { publicKey, privateKey } = crypto.generateKeyPairSync('rsa', {
  modulusLength: 2048,  // 公钥的位数
});
// 使用公钥加密
const encrypted = crypto.publicEncrypt(publicKey, Buffer.from('Hello, world!'));
console.log('Encrypted:', encrypted.toString('hex'));
// 使用私钥解密
const decrypted = crypto.privateDecrypt(privateKey, encrypted);
console.log('Decrypted:', decrypted.toString());

const secret = 'my-secret-key';
const hmac = crypto.createHmac('sha256', secret);
hmac.update('Hello, world!');
const result = hmac.digest('hex');
console.log('HMAC:', result);

const randomBytes = crypto.randomBytes(16);  // 生成16个随机字节
console.log(randomBytes.toString('hex'));   // 输出十六进制字符串

const { privateKey, publicKey } = crypto.generateKeyPairSync('rsa', {
  modulusLength: 2048,
});
// 生成签名
const sign = crypto.createSign('SHA256');
sign.update('Hello, world!');
const signature = sign.sign(privateKey, 'hex');
console.log('Signature:', signature);
// 验证签名
const verify = crypto.createVerify('SHA256');
verify.update('Hello, world!');
const isVerified = verify.verify(publicKey, signature, 'hex');
console.log('Verified:', isVerified);  // true 或 false

const { privateKey, publicKey } = crypto.generateKeyPairSync('rsa', {
  modulusLength: 2048,
});
console.log('Private Key:', privateKey.export({ type: 'pkcs1', format: 'pem' }));
console.log('Public Key:', publicKey.export({ type: 'pkcs1', format: 'pem' }));