TypeScript 抽象类的具体使用

class Person {
  name: string;
  age: number;
  
  constructor(name: string, age: number) {
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
  }
}

const p1 = new Person('张三', 18);

class Teacher extends Person {
  // 需要重复定义name/age属性
  speak() { /* ... */ }
}

class Student extends Person {
  study() { /* ... */ }
}

abstract class Person {
  constructor(public name: string, public age: number) {}

  // 抽象方法（无具体实现）
  abstract introduce(): void;

  // 具体方法（可被继承）
  greet() {
    console.log(`你好，我是${this.name}`);
  }
}

class Teacher extends Person {
  introduce() {
    console.log(`我是老师${this.name}，从事教育工作`);
  }

  teach() {
    console.log('正在授课...');
  }
}

class Student extends Person {
  introduce() {
    console.log(`我是学生${this.name}，正在学习`);
  }

  study() {
    console.log('正在自习...');
  }
}

const p = new Person('周杰伦', 38); // 错误：无法创建抽象类的实例

abstract class EducationalRole {
  constructor(
    public id: string,
    public name: string,
    protected roleType: RoleType
  ) {}

  abstract displayInfo(): void;

  getRoleType() {
    return this.roleType;
  }
}

enum RoleType {
  Teacher,
  Student
}

class UniversityTeacher extends EducationalRole {
  constructor(id: string, name: string, public department: string) {
    super(id, name, RoleType.Teacher);
  }

  displayInfo() {
    console.log(`[教师] 编号：${this.id}，姓名：${this.name}，所属：${this.department}`);
  }

  conductResearch() {
    console.log('正在进行学术研究...');
  }
}

class CollegeStudent extends EducationalRole {
  constructor(
    id: string,
    name: string,
    public studentId: string,
    public major: string
  ) {
    super(id, name, RoleType.Student);
  }

  displayInfo() {
    console.log(`[学生] 学号：${this.studentId}，姓名：${this.name}，专业：${this.major}`);
  }

  attendClass() {
    console.log('正在上课...');
  }
}

const roles: EducationalRole[] = [
  new UniversityTeacher('T001', '王教授', '计算机学院'),
  new CollegeStudent('S001', '李同学', 'U2020001', '软件工程')
];

roles.forEach(role => {
  role.displayInfo();
  if (role.getRoleType() === RoleType.Teacher) {
    (role as UniversityTeacher).conductResearch();
  }
});