Linux常用命令组合大全(分类整理 + 实战案例)

ps -ef | grep nginx

cat access.log | less
ls -l /etc | more

grep "error" app.log | wc -l

cat ip.txt | sort | uniq

netstat -tulpn | awk '{print $5}'

ls -l > list.txt

echo "new line" >> list.txt

ls /nonexist 2> error.log

python run.py &> all.log

mysql -uroot -p < init.sql

grep "warn" log.txt | head -100 > warn_top100.log

mkdir test; cd test; touch a.txt

# 存在目录才cd，不存在不会执行touch
test -d /data && cd /data && touch ok.txt
# 更新并重启服务
apt update && apt install nginx -y && systemctl restart nginx

# 目录不存在就创建
test -d test || mkdir test
# 命令失败则打印提示
systemctl start mysql || echo "mysql启动失败"

test -f app.jar && echo "文件存在" || echo "文件丢失"

# 获取当前路径并打印
echo $(pwd)
echo `pwd`
# 批量删除7天前日志
find ./logs -name "*.log" -mtime +7 -delete
# 等价替换写法
rm -f $(find ./logs -name "*.log" -mtime +7)

echo $(date +%Y)-$(hostname)

# 后台解压，同时输出日志
tar -zxvf big.tar.gz &> tar.log &
# 后台启动服务，启动成功输出提示
java -jar app.jar & && echo "服务已后台启动"

nohup python task.py &> run.log &

# 创建 file1 file2 file3
touch file{1,2,3}
# 创建 log01~log10
touch log{01..10}
# 多级目录
mkdir -p test/{dir1,dir2}/{a,b}

rm -rf tmp{1..20} | echo "清理完成"

# 子shell内cd，外层pwd不变
(cd /etc; ls -l); pwd

{ echo "开始"; ls -l; echo "结束"; } > output.txt

cat access.log | grep 500 | wc -l > 500_count.log

find . -name "*.tmp" -type f | xargs rm -f

tail -f app.log | grep --color "Exception"

unzip code.zip && cd code && ls -lh

[ ! -f node.tar.gz ] && wget https://xxx/node.tar.gz && tar -zxf node.tar.gz