Python列表推导式的基本操作详解

[expression for item in iterable]

squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]
print(squares) # Output: [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

even_squares = [x**2 for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]
print(even_squares) # Output: [0, 4, 16, 36, 64]

nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
flattened_list = [x for sublist in nested_list for x in sublist]
print(flattened_list) # Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

strings = ['Hello', 'World', 'In', 'Python']
lowercase_strings = [s.lower() for s in strings]
print(lowercase_strings) # Output: ['hello', 'world', 'in', 'python']

squared_dict = {x: x**2 for x in range(5)}
print(squared_dict) # Output: {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16}

squared_set = {x**2 for x in range(5)}
print(squared_set) # Output: {0, 1, 4, 16, 9}

import time

# Using list comprehension
start_time = time.time()
squares = [x**2 for x in range(1000000)]
end_time = time.time()
print(f"List comprehension took {end_time - start_time} seconds")

# Using map function
start_time = time.time()
squares = list(map(lambda x: x**2, range(1000000)))
end_time = time.time()
print(f"Map function took {end_time - start_time} seconds")

perms = [(x, y, z) for x in range(3) for y in range(3) for z in range(3) if x != y and y != z and x != z]
print(perms) # Output: [(0, 1, 2), (0, 2, 1), (1, 0, 2), (1, 2, 0), (2, 0, 1), (2, 1, 0)]