使用Matplotlib制作动态图的示例详解

import numpy as np
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from functools import partial
### 绘制y=sin(2pi(x+t/t_0))*sin(2pi(t/t_0))
def getSinx_t(t=0, t_0=120, x_count=1e5):
    x = np.linspace(0.0, 1.0, int(x_count))
    y = np.sin(2.0*np.pi*(x + t/t_0))*np.sin(t/t_0*2.0*np.pi)
    return x, y
### 图片初始化
fig, ax = plt.subplots(dpi=100)
ax.set_aspect('auto')
ax.set_xlim((0.0, 1.0))
ax.set_ylim((-1.0, 1.0))
ax.set_xlabel('x')
ax.set_ylabel('y')
ax.set_title(r'$y=sin[2\pi(x+t/t_0)]*sin(2\pi t/t_0)$')
### 绘制初始曲线
x, y = getSinx_t()
y_up = y[np.where(y>0)]
x_up = x[np.where(y>0)]
x_dn = x[np.where(y<0)]
y_dn = y[np.where(y<0)]
plot_line = ax.plot(x, y)
plot_hline = ax.hlines(y=0.0, xmin=0.0, xmax=1.0, linestyles='dashed', colors='grey')
fill_xy_up = ax.fill_between(x=x_up, y1=y_up, y2=0, color='red', alpha=0.3)
fill_xy_dn = ax.fill_between(x=x_dn, y1=y_dn, y2=0, color='green', alpha=0.3)
plot_text = ax.text(x=0.8, y=0.75, s='t=0', fontsize=16, fontfamily='cursive')
### 定义动画更新函数
def UpdateFigure(num, f_plot_line, f_fill_xy_up, f_fill_xy_dn, f_plot_text):
    x_update, y_update = getSinx_t(t=num)
    f_plot_line[0].set_data(x_update, y_update)
    f_plot_text.set_text('t={}'.format(num))
    x_up = x_update[np.where(y_update>0)]
    y_up = y_update[np.where(y_update>0)]
    xy_up1 = np.column_stack((x_up, y_up))
    xy_up2 = np.column_stack((x_up[::-1], np.zeros(x_up.shape)))
    x_dn = x_update[np.where(y_update<0)]
    y_dn = y_update[np.where(y_update<0)]
    xy_dn1 = np.column_stack((x_dn, y_dn))
    xy_dn2 = np.column_stack((x_dn[::-1], np.zeros(x_dn.shape)))
    f_fill_xy_up.set_verts([np.vstack((xy_up1, xy_up2))])
    f_fill_xy_dn.set_verts([np.vstack((xy_dn1, xy_dn2))])
    return [f_plot_line[0], f_fill_xy_up, f_fill_xy_dn, f_plot_text]
### 创建FunAnimation对象
ani = FuncAnimation(fig, partial(
        UpdateFigure, 
        f_plot_line=plot_line, 
        f_fill_xy_up=fill_xy_up,
        f_fill_xy_dn=fill_xy_dn,
        f_plot_text=plot_text),
    np.arange(120),
    blit=True)
### 保存动态图片
ani.save('sinxt.gif', fps=60)  

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mimg
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
import numpy as np
from functools import partial
import os
### 绘制y=cos(2pi(x+t/t_0))*cos(2pi(t/t_0))
def getCosx_t(t=0, t_0=120, x_count=1e5):
    x = np.linspace(0.0, 1.0, int(x_count))
    y = np.cos(2.0*np.pi*(x + t/t_0))*np.cos(t/t_0*2.0*np.pi)
    return x, y
fig_count = 120             # 图片总数
### 定义生成所有图片的函数
def getFigrues(fig_count):
    try:
        os.mkdir('fig')
    except FileExistsError:
        print("Dir Exist!")
    for i in range(fig_count):
        fig, ax = plt.subplots(dpi=100)
        ax.set_aspect('auto')
        ax.set_xlim((0.0, 1.0))
        ax.set_ylim((-1.0, 1.0))
        ax.set_xlabel('x')
        ax.set_ylabel('y')
        ax.set_title(r'$y=cos[2\pi(x+t/t_0)]*cos(2\pi t/t_0)$')
        x, y = getCosx_t(t=i)
        y_up = y[np.where(y>0)]
        x_up = x[np.where(y>0)]
        x_dn = x[np.where(y<0)]
        y_dn = y[np.where(y<0)]
        ax.plot(x, y)
        ax.hlines(y=0.0, xmin=0.0, xmax=1.0, linestyles='dashed', colors='grey')
        ax.fill_between(x=x_up, y1=y_up, y2=0, color='red', alpha=0.3)
        ax.fill_between(x=x_dn, y1=y_dn, y2=0, color='green', alpha=0.3)
        ax.text(x=0.8, y=0.75, s='t={}'.format(i), fontsize=16, fontfamily='cursive')
        fig.show(False)
        fig.savefig('./fig/{}.jpg'.format(i))
        plt.close(fig)
getFigrues(fig_count) 
### 读取图片尺寸
def GetFigSize(fig_path='./fig/0.jpg'):
    now_img = mimg.imread(fname=fig_path)
    img_pxy = now_img.shape
    return img_pxy[1], img_pxy[0]
### 绘图初始化
img_px, img_py = GetFigSize()
img_dpi=100
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=[img_px/img_dpi, img_py/img_dpi], dpi=img_dpi)
ax.set_aspect('equal')
ax.set_position([0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0])
ax.set_axis_off()
plot_img = ax.imshow(X=np.zeros((img_py, img_px, 3)))
### 定义动画更新函数
def UpdateImages(num, f_plot_img):
    now_img_path = './fig/{}.jpg'.format(num)
    now_img = mimg.imread(fname=now_img_path)
    f_plot_img.set_data(now_img)
    return [f_plot_img]
### 创建FunAnimation对象
ani = FuncAnimation(
    fig, partial(UpdateImages, f_plot_img=plot_img),
    np.arange(fig_count),
    blit=True)
### 保存动态图片
ani.save('cosxt.gif', fps=60)