详解Python matplotlib中的色彩使用详解

import matplotlib.colors as mcolors
from pprint import pprint
pprint(mcolors.BASE_COLORS)
# 下面为其返回值
{'b': (0, 0, 1),
 'c': (0, 0.75, 0.75),
 'g': (0, 0.5, 0),
 'k': (0, 0, 0),
 'm': (0.75, 0, 0.75),
 'r': (1, 0, 0),
 'w': (1, 1, 1),
 'y': (0.75, 0.75, 0)}

# 为颜色排序的函数
cSort = lambda c : tuple(mcolors.rgb_to_hsv(mcolors.to_rgb(c)))

import math
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def plot_colortable(colors, ncols=4, sort_colors=True, show=True):
    w,h = 200, 20
    M = 12  # 边缘
    names = list(colors) if not sort_colors else sorted(colors, key=cSort)
    nrows = math.ceil(len(names) / ncols)
    W = w * ncols + 2 * M
    H = h * nrows + 2 * M
    fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(W/72, H/72), dpi=72)
    # 设置图像的边界
    fig.subplots_adjust(M/W, M/H, (W-M)/W, (H-M)/H)
    ax.set_xlim(0, w * ncols)
    ax.set_ylim(h * (nrows-0.5), -h/2.)
    ax.set_axis_off()
    for i, name in enumerate(names):
        row, col = i % nrows, i // nrows
        y = row * h
        st = w * col
        xText = w * col + 55  # 文字的起始位置
        ax.text(xText, y, name, fontsize=14,
                horizontalalignment='left',
                verticalalignment='center')
        rect = Rectangle(xy=(st, y-9), width=48,
                height=18, facecolor=colors[name], edgecolor='0.7')
        ax.add_patch(rect)
    if show: plt.show()
    return fig

plot_colortable(mcolors.BASE_COLORS, 3, False)

plot_colortable(mcolors.CSS4_COLORS, ncols=6)

plot_colortable(mcolors.TABLEAU_COLORS, ncols=5)

xkcd_fig = plot_colortable(mcolors.XKCD_COLORS)
xkcd_fig.savefig("plt_color_xkcd.png")