python标准库中inspect模块的简单说明

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import inspect
def foo(a, b='ham', *args):
    pass
def test(a, *, b):
    print(a,b)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    ba = inspect.signature(foo).bind(a='spam', b='frank')
    ba.apply_defaults()
    print(ba.arguments)  # ordereddict
# OrderedDict([('a', 'spam'), ('b', 'frank'), ('args', ())])

import  inspect 
def foo(a,b,c,*args,**kw):pass
# 拿到函数 签名 
sig  = inspect.signature(foo)
str(sig)
'(a, b, c, *args, **kw)'
## 绑定部分参数,  返回一个 BoundArguments 对象 
sig.bind_partial('frank','165cm')
<BoundArguments (a='frank', b='165cm')>
ba =sig.bind_partial('frank','165cm')
## 对于丢失的参数,可以设置默认值
ba.apply_defaults()
ba.arguments
OrderedDict([('a', 'frank'), ('b', '165cm'), ('args', ()), ('kw', {})])
## signature  还有一个方法  bind
import  inspect 
def foo(a,b,c,*args,**kw):pass
sig =  inspect.signature(foo)
ba = sig.bind('frank','165cm','hello')
ba
<BoundArguments (a='frank', b='165cm', c='hello')>
ba.arguments
OrderedDict([('a', 'frank'), ('b', '165cm'), ('c', 'hello')])
# 指定默认值 
ba.apply_defaults()
ba.arguments
OrderedDict([('a', 'frank'), ('b', '165cm'), ('c', 'hello'), ('args', ()), ('kw', {})])

import  inspect 
def foo(a,b,c,*args,**kw):pass
sig =  inspect.signature(foo)
sig
<Signature (a, b, c, *args, **kw)>
sig
<Signature (a, b, c, *args, **kw)>
sig.bind('frank','165cm')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.4_2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/inspect.py", line 2968, in bind
    return args[0]._bind(args[1:], kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.4_2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/inspect.py", line 2883, in _bind
    raise TypeError(msg) from None
TypeError: missing a required argument: 'c'
不支持 部分绑定参数, 所以会报错, 可以使用 sig.bind_partial
sig.bind_partial('frank','165cm')
<BoundArguments (a='frank', b='165cm')>

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import inspect
def test(a, *, b):
    print(a, b)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    sig = inspect.signature(test)
    ba = sig.bind(10, b=20)
    test(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs)  # 10 20
# The args and kwargs properties can be used to invoke functions  

def ismodule(object):
def isclass(object):
def ismethod(object):
def ismethoddescriptor(object):
def isfunction(object):
def isbuiltin(object):
def isabstract(object):
def ismethoddescriptor(object):
def isroutine(object):
    """Return true if the object is any kind of function or method."""

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
"""
@author: Frank 
@contact: frank.chang@shoufuyou.com
@file: test_inspect.py
@time: 2018/5/14 下午1:24
"""
from inspect import getmembers, ismethod, isclass, isfunction
def foo(): pass
class Cat(object):
    def __init__(self, name='kitty'):
        self.name = name
    def sayHi(self):
        print(self.name + '  says Hi!')
    def fun1(self):
        print('fun1 is running')
if __name__ == '__main__':
    cat = Cat('frank')
    cat.sayHi()
    print(isclass(cat))  # False
    print(isclass(Cat))  # True
    print(ismethod(cat.sayHi))  # True
    print(isfunction(cat.sayHi))  # False
    print(isfunction(foo))  # true
    print(ismethod(cat.fun1))  # True

if __name__ == '__main__':
    cat = Cat('frank')
    # print(getmembers(cat))
    for member in getmembers(cat):
        print(member)