Python中self关键字的用法解析

class Person:
    def set_name(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def get_name(self):
        return self.name

# 创建两个Person实例
person1 = Person()
person2 = Person()

person1.set_name("Alice")
person2.set_name("Bob")

print(person1.get_name())  # 输出：Alice
print(person2.get_name())  # 输出：Bob

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        self.name = name
        self.breed = breed

    def bark(self):
        return f"{self.name}（{self.breed}）汪汪叫"

# 创建一个Dog实例
my_dog = Dog("Buddy", "Golden Retriever")

# 调用实例方法
bark_sound = my_dog.bark()

print(bark_sound)  # 输出：Buddy（Golden Retriever）汪汪叫

class MathOperations:
    @classmethod
    def add(cls, x, y):
        return x + y

result = MathOperations.add(3, 5)
print(result)  # 输出：8

class StringUtils:
    @staticmethod
    def is_palindrome(s):
        s = s.lower().replace(" ", "")
        return s == s[::-1]

result = StringUtils.is_palindrome("A man a plan a canal Panama")
print(result)  # 输出：True

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def get_name(self):
        return self.name

    def get_age(self):
        return self.age

    def set_age(self, age):
        if 18 <= age <= 60:
            self.age = age
        else:
            print("年龄不合法")

    def greet(self):
        return f"你好，我是{self.name}，今年{self.age}岁。

"

# 创建一个Student实例
student = Student("Alice", 25)

# 使用实例方法
print(student.get_name())  # 输出：Alice
print(student.get_age())   # 输出：25

student.set_age(30)        # 设置合法年龄
print(student.get_age())   # 输出：30

student.set_age(10)        # 设置不合法年龄
# 输出：年龄不合法

print(student.greet())      # 输出：你好，我是Alice，今年30岁。