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Python库如何打包到PyPI

 更新时间：2023年11月29日 08:36:28   作者：tian_shl  
这篇文章主要介绍了Python库如何打包到PyPI问题,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助,如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教

Python库打包到PyPI

打开pypi官网, 并注册账号

https://pypi.python.org/

创建并编辑.pypirc (注: 家目录下创建)

tianshl@tianshl ~ $ vim .pypirc

[pypirc]
index-servers =
    pypi
    pypitest

[pypi]
repository=https://pypi.python.org/pypi

[pypitest]
repository=https://testpypi.python.org/pypi

[server-login]
username:tianshl
password:******

前提

1. 要打包的代码必须是一个包(package)

2. 代码是开源的

包(package) 创建包

右键 / New / Python Package / 输入包名 / OK

创建成功后，查看目录结构

tianshl@tianshl wechat $ tree
.
└── wxReply
    └── __init__.py

实际上就是文件夹中包含__init__.py文件 

编写要打包的源代码

tianshl@tianshl wechat $ tree
.
└── wxReply
    ├── __init__.py
    └── wxReply.py

1 directory, 2 files

创建README.rst和setup.py文件

  • README.rst为说明文档
  • setup.py为安装脚本 (核心)

此时wechat包的目录结构

tianshl@tianshl wechat $ tree
.
├── README.rst
├── setup.py
└── wxReply
    ├── __init__.py
    └── wxReply.py

1 directory, 4 files

编辑setup.py内容

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from setuptools import setup, find_packages
from codecs import open
from os import path

here = path.abspath(path.dirname(__file__))

with open(path.join(here, 'README.rst'), encoding='utf-8') as f:
    long_description = f.read()

__author__ = 'tianshl'
__date__ = '2017/01/26'


setup(
    name='wxReply',                                 # 名称
    version='1.0.6',                                # 版本号
    description='wxReply',                          # 简单描述
    long_description=long_description,              # 详细描述
    classifiers=[
        'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',
        'Programming Language :: Python',
        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
        'Operating System :: OS Independent',
    ],
    keywords='wechat robot weixin wxReply',         # 关键字
    author='tianshl',                               # 作者
    author_email='xiyuan91@126.com',                # 邮箱
    url='https://my.oschina.net/tianshl/blog',      # 包含包的项目地址
    license='MIT',                                  # 授权方式
    packages=find_packages(),                       # 包列表
    install_requires=['requests', 'itchat'],
    include_package_data=True,
    zip_safe=True,
)

校验 (python setup.py check)

tianshl@tianshl wxReply $ python3 setup.py check
running check

注: running check 表示没问题, 其他情况对照提示修改即可 

打包 (python setup.py sdist)

tianshl@tianshl wechat $ python3 setup.py sdist
running sdist
running egg_info
creating wxReply.egg-info
writing wxReply.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to wxReply.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing requirements to wxReply.egg-info/requires.txt
writing top-level names to wxReply.egg-info/top_level.txt
writing manifest file 'wxReply.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest file 'wxReply.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
writing manifest file 'wxReply.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
running check
creating wxReply-1.0.6
creating wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply
creating wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying files to wxReply-1.0.6...
copying README.rst -> wxReply-1.0.6
copying setup.py -> wxReply-1.0.6
copying wxReply/__init__.py -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply
copying wxReply/wxReply.py -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply
copying wxReply.egg-info/PKG-INFO -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/SOURCES.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/dependency_links.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/requires.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/top_level.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/zip-safe -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
Writing wxReply-1.0.6/setup.cfg
creating dist
Creating tar archive
removing 'wxReply-1.0.6' (and everything under it)

此时wechat包的目录结构

tianshl@tianshl wechat $ tree
.
├── README.rst
├── dist
│   └── wxReply-1.0.6.tar.gz
├── setup.py
├── wxReply
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── wxReply.py
└── wxReply.egg-info
    ├── PKG-INFO
    ├── SOURCES.txt
    ├── dependency_links.txt
    ├── requires.txt
    ├── top_level.txt
    └── zip-safe

3 directories, 11 files

上传

tianshl@tianshl wxReply $ python3 setup.py sdist register upload
running sdist
running egg_info
writing wxReply.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to wxReply.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing requirements to wxReply.egg-info/requires.txt
writing top-level names to wxReply.egg-info/top_level.txt
reading manifest file 'wxReply.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
writing manifest file 'wxReply.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
running check
creating wxReply-1.0.6
creating wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply
creating wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying files to wxReply-1.0.6...
copying README.rst -> wxReply-1.0.6
copying setup.py -> wxReply-1.0.6
copying wxReply/__init__.py -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply
copying wxReply/wxReply.py -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply
copying wxReply.egg-info/PKG-INFO -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/SOURCES.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/dependency_links.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/requires.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/top_level.txt -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
copying wxReply.egg-info/zip-safe -> wxReply-1.0.6/wxReply.egg-info
Writing wxReply-1.0.6/setup.cfg
Creating tar archive
removing 'wxReply-1.0.6' (and everything under it)
running register
Registering wxReply to https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/
Server response (410): Project pre-registration is no longer required or supported, so continue directly to uploading files.
running upload
Submitting dist/wxReply-1.0.6.tar.gz to https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/
Server response (200): OK

测试

注意：

如果本地修改过pip的源, 执行search 或 install 时, 请修改为官方源或临时使用官方源(如: pip3 install wxReply -i https://pypi.python.org/simple), 否则有可能提示包不存在, 原因是官方的pip源尚未同步到其他的源, 等一段时间就可以了(具体多久没研究过) 

测试是否上传成功

tianshl@tianshl wechat $ pip3 search wxReply
wxReply (1.0.6)  - wxReply

测试能否安装成功

tianshl@tianshl ~ $ pip3 install wxReply
Collecting wxReply
  Downloading wxReply-1.0.6.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: requests in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from wxReply)
Requirement already satisfied: itchat in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from wxReply)
Requirement already satisfied: chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from requests->wxReply)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from requests->wxReply)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from requests->wxReply)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<2.7,>=2.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from requests->wxReply)
Requirement already satisfied: pyqrcode in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from itchat->wxReply)
Requirement already satisfied: pypng in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from itchat->wxReply)
Building wheels for collected packages: wxReply
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for wxReply ... done
  Stored in directory: /Users/tianshl/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/49/26/9e/883fd73919e7c2cce794b0acc212216441ced601d6062e2941
Successfully built wxReply
Installing collected packages: wxReply
Successfully installed wxReply-1.0.6

测试能否正常引入

tianshl@tianshl ~ $ python3
Python 3.6.2 (default, Jul 17 2017, 16:44:45) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.1.0 (clang-802.0.42)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import wxReply
>>>

总结

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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