Python实现网络通信的HTTP请求Socket编程Web爬虫方法探索

pip install requests

import requests

url = "https://www.example.com"
response = requests.get(url)

if response.status_code == 200:
    print(response.text)
else:
    print("请求失败")

import requests

url = "https://www.example.com/api"
data = {"key1": "value1", "key2": "value2"}
response = requests.post(url, data=data)

if response.status_code == 200:
    print(response.text)
else:
    print("请求失败")

# 服务器端
import socket

# 创建一个服务器Socket
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# 绑定主机和端口
server_socket.bind(("localhost", 12345))

# 开始侦听
server_socket.listen(1)

# 接受连接
client_socket, client_address = server_socket.accept()
print(f"连接来自：{client_address}")

# 发送数据
client_socket.send(b"Hello, client!")

# 关闭连接
client_socket.close()
server_socket.close()

# 客户端
import socket

# 创建一个客户端Socket
client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# 连接到服务器
client_socket.connect(("localhost", 12345))

# 接收数据
data = client_socket.recv(1024)
print(data.decode("utf-8"))

# 关闭连接
client_socket.close()

import socket
import threading

def handle_client(client_socket):
    while True:
        data = client_socket.recv(1024)
        if not data:
            break
        client_socket.send(data)
    client_socket.close()

server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server_socket.bind(("0.0.0.0", 12345))
server_socket.listen(5)

print("服务器已启动，等待连接...")

while True:
    client_socket, addr = server_socket.accept()
    print(f"接受来自 {addr[0]}:{addr[1]} 的连接")
    client_handler = threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=(client_socket,))
    client_handler.start()

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = "https://www.example.com"
response = requests.get(url)

if response.status_code == 200:
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser")
    # 提取所有链接
    links = [a["href"] for a in soup.find_all("a")]
    print("所有链接：")
    for link in links:
        print(link)
else:
    print("请求失败")

import requests

url = "https://www.example.com"
response = requests.get(url)

if response.status_code == 200:
    print(response.text)
else:
    print("请求失败")

import requests

url = "https://api.github.com/users/octocat"
response = requests.get(url)

if response.status_code == 200:
    data = response.json()
    print(f"用户名：{data['login']}")
    print(f"姓名：{data['name']}")
    print(f"关注者数：{data['followers']}")
else:
    print("请求失败")

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

# 储存用户数据的字典
users = {}

@app.route("/register", methods=["POST"])
def register():
    data = request.get_json()
    username = data["username"]
    password = data["password"]
    users[username] = password
    return jsonify({"message": "注册成功"})

@app.route("/login", methods=["POST"])
def login():
    data = request.get_json()
    username = data["username"]
    password = data["password"]
    if username in users and users[username] == password:
        return jsonify({"message": "登录成功"})
    else:
        return jsonify({"message": "登录失败"})

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()