python ES连接服务器的方法详解

pip install elasticsearch

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch, helpers  
# 配置Elasticsearch连接  
es = Elasticsearch(  
    ['http://localhost:9200'],  # Elasticsearch服务器地址和端口  
    http_auth=('username', 'password'),  # 如果需要认证，填写用户名和密码  
    use_ssl=False,  # 如果使用HTTPS，设置为True  
    verify_certs=False  # 如果使用HTTPS且自签名证书，设置为False  
)  
# 检查连接是否成功  
if es.ping():  
    print("Successfully connected to Elasticsearch!")  
else:  
    print("Could not connect to Elasticsearch")  
    exit()  
# 创建索引  
index_name = 'my_index'  
if not es.indices.exists(index=index_name):  
    # 定义索引的映射（Schema）  
    mappings = {  
        'properties': {  
            'title': {'type': 'text'},  
            'content': {'type': 'text'},  
            'author': {'type': 'keyword'}  
        }  
    }  
    # 创建索引  
    es.indices.create(index=index_name, body={'mappings': mappings})  
    print(f"Index '{index_name}' created successfully.")  
else:  
    print(f"Index '{index_name}' already exists.")  
# 添加文档  
documents = [  
    {"_id": 1, "title": "Elasticsearch Basics", "content": "Learn the basics of Elasticsearch.", "author": "John Doe"},  
    {"_id": 2, "title": "Advanced Elasticsearch", "content": "Go deeper into Elasticsearch features.", "author": "Jane Smith"},  
    {"_id": 3, "title": "Elasticsearch Performance", "content": "Optimize Elasticsearch for performance.", "author": "Alice Johnson"}  
]  
# 使用bulk API批量添加文档  
actions = [  
    {  
        "_index": index_name,  
        "_id": doc['_id'],  
        "_source": doc  
    }  
    for doc in documents  
]  
helpers.bulk(es, actions)  
print("Documents added successfully.")  
# 搜索文档  
search_body = {  
    "query": {  
        "match": {  
            "content": "Elasticsearch"  
        }  
    }  
}  
response = es.search(index=index_name, body=search_body)  
print("Search results:")  
for hit in response['hits']['hits']:  
    print(hit['_source'])  
# 清理（可选）：删除索引  
# es.indices.delete(index=index_name)  
# print(f"Index '{index_name}' deleted successfully.")