Python使用imageio库处理图像与视频的操作详解

pip install imageio

pip install imageio[ffmpeg]

import imageio.v3 as iio

# 读取图像文件
image = iio.imread('example.jpg')

print(type(image))  # <class 'numpy.ndarray'>
print(image.shape)  # 图像维度 (height, width, channels)

# 保存图像到文件
iio.imwrite('output.png', image)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.imshow(image)
plt.axis('off')  # 隐藏坐标轴
plt.show()

video_reader = iio.imiter('example.mp4')

for frame in video_reader:
    print(frame.shape)  # 每帧的形状
    break  # 仅查看第一帧

frames = [image, image]  # 示例帧列表
iio.imwrite('output.mp4', frames, fps=30)

gif = iio.imread('example.gif', plugin='pillow')
print(gif.shape)  # 多帧图像

frames = [image, image]  # 示例帧列表
iio.imwrite('output.gif', frames, loop=1)

image = iio.imread('example.tiff')
iio.imwrite('converted.jpg', image)

with iio.imopen('large_image.tiff', 'r') as file:
    for block in file.iter_blocks(size=(1024, 1024)):
        print(block.shape)  # 每个块的形状

pip install imageio[ffmpeg]

import numpy as np

rgb_image = np.flip(image, axis=-1)  # 将 BGR 转换为 RGB
iio.imwrite('corrected.jpg', rgb_image)

import os
import imageio.v3 as iio
from PIL import Image

def process_images(input_dir, output_dir, size=(224, 224)):
    if not os.path.exists(output_dir):
        os.makedirs(output_dir)
    
    for filename in os.listdir(input_dir):
        if filename.endswith(('.jpg', '.jpeg', '.png', '.bmp', '.tiff')):
            file_path = os.path.join(input_dir, filename)
            # 读取图像
            image = iio.imread(file_path)
            
            # 使用 PIL 调整尺寸
            image_resized = Image.fromarray(image).resize(size)
            
            # 保存为 PNG 格式
            output_path = os.path.join(output_dir, os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + '.png')
            iio.imwrite(output_path, image_resized)
            print(f"Processed: {output_path}")

# 示例用法
process_images('input_images', 'output_images')

import imageio.v3 as iio
import numpy as np

def process_video(input_video, output_video):
    # 提取帧
    frames = list(iio.imiter(input_video))
    print(f"Total frames extracted: {len(frames)}")
    
    # 灰度处理
    gray_frames = [np.mean(frame, axis=-1).astype(np.uint8) for frame in frames]
    
    # 合成新视频
    iio.imwrite(output_video, gray_frames, fps=30)
    print(f"Processed video saved as: {output_video}")

# 示例用法
process_video('input_video.mp4', 'output_video.mp4')

import imageio.v3 as iio
from scipy.ndimage import gaussian_filter

def create_blur_gif(input_image, output_gif, steps=10):
    # 读取输入图像
    image = iio.imread(input_image)
    
    frames = []
    for sigma in range(steps):
        # 添加不同模糊程度的帧
        blurred = gaussian_filter(image, sigma=sigma)
        frames.append(blurred)
    
    # 保存为 GIF
    iio.imwrite(output_gif, frames, loop=1, duration=0.2)
    print(f"Blur animation saved as: {output_gif}")

# 示例用法
create_blur_gif('example.jpg', 'blur_animation.gif')

import imageio.v3 as iio
import numpy as np

def process_large_image(input_file, output_file, block_size=(1024, 1024)):
    with iio.imopen(input_file, "r") as reader, iio.imopen(output_file, "w") as writer:
        writer.init_from_file(reader)  # 初始化输出图像的格式
        for block in reader.iter_blocks(size=block_size):
            # 增强亮度（乘以1.2，但不超过255）
            processed_block = np.clip(block * 1.2, 0, 255).astype(np.uint8)
            writer.write(processed_block)
    print(f"Processed large image saved as: {output_file}")

# 示例用法
process_large_image('large_image.tiff', 'enhanced_image.tiff')

import imageio.v3 as iio
import cv2
from datetime import datetime

def process_live_video(output_video):
    # 打开摄像头
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
    writer = iio.imopen(output_video, "w", plugin="FFMPEG", fps=30)
    
    while cap.isOpened():
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        if not ret:
            break
        
        # 添加时间戳
        timestamp = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
        cv2.putText(frame, timestamp, (10, 50), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 1, (0, 255, 0), 2)
        
        # 显示视频
        cv2.imshow('Live Video', frame)
        
        # 写入帧
        writer.write(frame)
        
        # 按 'q' 键退出
        if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
            break
    
    cap.release()
    writer.close()
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()
    print(f"Live video saved as: {output_video}")

# 示例用法
process_live_video('live_output.mp4')